Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@pubfacts.com&api_key=b8daa3ad693db53b1410957c26c9a51b4908&a=1): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 176
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 176
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 250
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 1034
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3152
Function: GetPubMedArticleOutput_2016
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 575
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 489
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
There is substantial evidence that stem and progenitor cells secrete trophic factors that have potential for repairing injured tissues. We have previously reported that the conditioned medium (CM) obtained from endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) cultures protects striatal neurons against 3-nitropropionic acid-induced toxicity. In the present study we tested the hypothesis that EPC-CM may support cortical neuronal cell function and/or survival. EPC were isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy human donors and cultured in hypoxic conditions (1.5% O) to stimulate the secretion of growth factors. The supernatant or conditioned medium (EPC-CM) was then collected and used for the various experiments. Primary cultures of cerebral cortex from fetal rat embryonic day 14 were treated with EPC-CM and challenged by glucose and serum deprivation. We observed that EPC-CM treatment significantly increased total cell number and cell viability in the cultures. Similarly, the number of lba1-expressing cells was significantly upregulated by EPC-CM, while western blot analyses for the astroglial marker glial fibrillary acidic protein did not show a marked difference. Importantly, the number of beta-lll-tubulin-positive neurons in the cultures was significantly augmented after EPC-CM treatment. Similarly, western blot analyses for beta-III-tubulin showed significant higher signal intensities. Furthermore, EPC-CM administration protected neurons against glucose- and serum deprivation-induced cell loss. In sum, our findings identified EPC-CM as a means to promote viability and/or differentiation of cortical neurons and suggest that EPC-CM might be useful for neurorestorative approaches.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7444205 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963689720912689 | DOI Listing |
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