Sensitivity of serum S100B protein as a disease activity marker in Egyptian patients with vitiligo (case-control study).

Background: Vitiligo is a depigmented skin disease. S100B is a damage-associated molecular pattern protein proposed as a marker of melanocyte cytotoxicity.

Aim: To detect the sensitivity of serum levels of S100B as a disease activity marker in vitiligo patients.

Methods: Four patient groups of both sexes: twenty segmental vitiligo, twenty non-segmental active vitiligo patients, twenty non-segmental stable vitiligo patients and thirty healthy controls age and sex-matched, patients were subjected to vitiligo disease activity score (VIDA score) and Vitiligo Extent Tensity Index (VETI) score.

Results: An increased level of S100B was observed in patients with vitiligo compared to control, there was statistically significant increase in its level in non- segmental-active than non-segmental stable and segmental-stable. Roc analysis for S100B to predict cases vs control was confirmed by getting cut off point 80.2pg/ml, with high sensitivity 96.67 and high specificity 96.67. Roc analysis for S100B to predict non-segmental-active versus segmental and non-segmental was also confirmed by getting cut off point 118.3 pg/ml, with sensitivity 80.0 and specificity 77.50.

Conclusion: S100B can be used as indicators for disease activity with high sensitivity and specificity in Egyptian vitiligo patients.