Twelve vegetables used for prevention and treatment of hemorrhoids in Persian Medicine.

Objective: To review the role of vegetables to prevent and treat hemorrhoids in Persian Medicine (PM).

Methods: We search main Persian Medicine manuscripts, including the books of Liber Continens, Canon of Medicine, Great Elixir, Akbarie's Medicine, Storehouse of Medicaments and Present for the faithful. Also, it was considered by searching in reference books and published papers with the help of PubMed, Scopus, Google scholar databases.

Results: Twelve vegetables, relating to 8 plant families, have been found in PM that their effectiveness involved in laxative, anti- inflammation, antimicrobial, analgesic and wound healing.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that 12 Persian Medicine vegetables can be used to prevent and treat hemorrhoids.