Typhoid infection developing in persons with opisthorchiasis is characterized by the appearance of pronounced systemic immunity, that ensures a more favorable clinical course of this infection and promotes a decrease in the occurrence of diarrheal phenomena and bacteremia. At the same time, in typhoid patients, simultaneously affected by opisthorchiasis, a more intensive release of the infective agent into the environment is observed. This seemingly demonstrates the presence of disturbances in the local protective mechanisms regulating the process of the release of bacteria on the level of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Vaccines (Basel)
December 2024
Food Hygiene and Nutrition Service, Local Health Unit 3, Department of Prevention, 16142 Genoa, Italy.
is considered the major zoonotic and foodborne pathogen responsible for human infections. It includes the serovars causing typhoid fever ( and ) and the non-typhoidal salmonella (NTS) serovars ( and ), causing enteric infections known as "Salmonellosis". NTS represents a major public health burden worldwide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
General Medicine, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences and Central Referral Hospital, Gangtok, IND.
William Budd (1811-1880) was a pioneering British physician whose work on infectious diseases, particularly typhoid fever, significantly advanced the understanding of epidemiology and public health in the 19th century. This review examines Budd's life, medical career, and groundbreaking contributions to the study of infectious diseases, focusing on his influential research into the transmission of typhoid fever, advocacy for public health reforms, and lasting legacy in epidemiology. Through meticulous research and innovative thinking, Budd laid the groundwork for modern approaches to disease control and prevention, cementing his place as a key figure in medical history.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLett Appl Microbiol
January 2025
Egg and Poultry Production Safety Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Athens, GA, U.S.A.
Salmonella is an enteric pathogenic bacterium in mammals that thrives in sewage, soil, and aquatic environments because of its wide ecological adaptability. The spread of Salmonella infection is associated with a lack of clean water, poor hygiene, and poor sanitation in developing countries. However, the input of Salmonella-contaminated surface water and groundwater in the environmental dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella is obscure outside developed countries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCase Rep Gastrointest Med
January 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York 11219, USA.
Typhoid fever is a multisystemic illness caused by and , transmitted fecal orally through contaminated water and food. It is a rare diagnosis in the US, with most cases reported in returning travelers. Hepatitis and cholestasis are rare sequelae of infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGates Open Res
January 2025
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, England, UK.
Typhoid fever is a significant public health problem endemic in Southeast Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Antimicrobial treatment of typhoid is however threatened by the increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) Typhi, especially in the globally successful lineage (4.3.
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