Peptide-based vaccines are an appealing strategy which involves usage of short synthetic peptides to engineer a highly targeted immune response. These short synthetic peptides contain potential T- and B-cell epitopes. Experimental approaches in identifying these epitopes are time-consuming and expensive; hence immunoinformatics approach came into picture. Immuninformatics approach involves epitope prediction tools, molecular docking, and population coverage analysis in design of desired immunogenic peptides. In order to overcome the antigenic variation of viruses, conserved regions are targeted to find the potential epitopes. The present chapter demonstrates the use of immunoinformatics approach to select potential peptide containing multiple T- (CD8+ and CD4+) and B-cell epitopes from Avian H3N2 M1 Protein. Further, molecular docking (to analyse HLA-peptide interaction) and population coverage analysis have been used to verify the potential of peptide to be presented by polymorphic HLA molecules. In silico approach of epitope prediction has proven to be successful methodology in screening the putative epitopes among numerous possible vaccine targets in a given protein.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0389-5_11 | DOI Listing |
BMC Infect Dis
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India.
Background: Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) is a neglected tropical disease affecting more than 882 million people in 44 countries of the world. A multi-epitope prophylactic/therapeutic vaccination targeting filarial defense proteins would be invaluable to achieve the current LF elimination goal.
Method: Two groups of proteins, namely Anti-oxidant (AO) and Heat shock proteins (HSPs), have been implicated in the effective survival of the filarial parasites in their hosts.
Mol Divers
December 2024
Centre for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan.
The Junin virus causes Argentine hemorrhagic fever, leading to severe complications such as high fever, malaise, muscle pain, and bleeding disorders, including hemorrhages in the skin and mucous membranes. Neurological issues like confusion, seizures, and coma can also occur. Without prompt and effective treatment, the disease can be fatal, with mortality rates reaching up to 30%.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioinform Biol Insights
December 2024
Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Objective: Babesiosis is a significant haemoparasitic infection caused by apicomplexan parasites of the genus . This infection has continuously threatened cattle farmers owing to its devastating effects on productivity and severe economic implications. Failure to curb the increase of the infection has been attributed to largely ineffective vaccines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRes Pharm Sci
October 2024
Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Background And Purpose: The global emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has prompted widespread concern. Bacteriophages have recently gained attention as a cost-effective and stable alternative for vaccine development due to their adjuvant properties. This study aimed to design and validate a poly epitope composed of viral proteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfect Med (Beijing)
December 2024
Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100091, China.
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health challenge. The existing Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine has limited efficacy in preventing adult pulmonary TB, necessitating the development of new vaccines with improved protective effects.
Methods: Computer-aided design and artificial intelligence technologies, combined with bioinformatics and immunoinformatics approaches, were used to design a multi-epitope vaccine (MEV) against TB.
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