In our paper, we argue for three necessary conditions for morally permissible animal research: (1) an assertion (or expectation) of sufficient net benefit, (2) a worthwhile-life condition, and (3) a no-unnecessary-harm/qualified-basic-needs condition.1 We argue that these conditions are necessary, without taking a position on whether they are jointly sufficient. In their excellent commentary on our paper, Matthias Eggel, Carolyn Neuhaus, and Herwig Grimm (hereafter, the authors) argue for a friendly amendment to one of our three conditions.2 In particular, they argue for replacing the first condition-expectation of sufficient net benefit (ESNB)-with an expectation of knowledge production (EKP).3 In this reply, we will explain why we are open to this proposed amendment, but not yet convinced.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0963180119001087 | DOI Listing |
BMC Anesthesiol
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine and Pain Management, 1611 NW 12, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
Background: Prolonged tracheal extubation time is defined as an interval ≥ 15 min from the end of surgery to extubation. An earlier study showed that prolonged extubations had a mean 12.4 min longer time from the end of surgery to operating room (OR) exit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Allergy Clin Immunol Pract
December 2024
Section of Inflammation, Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute. Imperial College London, London, UK. Electronic address:
Background: Oral Food Challenges (OFC) are essential for the diagnosis and follow-up of acute Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES) because no diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers are available. However, the optimal OFC procedure remains unclear.
Objectives: This systematic review aimed to assess OFC procedures' design and clinical outcomes in patients with FPIES.
Int J Biol Macromol
December 2024
College of pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003 Xinxiang, PR China; Pingyuan Laboratory, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China. Electronic address:
Effective delivery of sufficient doxorubicin (DOX) molecules in tumors is hindered by the complex biological barriers. Herein, a DOX-loaded sodium alginate-based injectable hydrogel (DOX@MHB-conj-SA) was designed by the Michael addition reactions between the sulfydryl in cross-linkers and the double bonds in a derivative of sodium alginate. DOX@MHB-conj-SA was administrated to CT26 tumor-bearing mice via peritumoral injection for locoregional treatment of colorectal cancer by inducing apoptosis and pyroptosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Introduction: Insecticide-treated bed nets are often used as a physical barrier to prevent infection of malaria. In Sub-Saharan Africa, one of the most important ways of reducing the malaria burden is the utilization of insecticide-treated bed nets. However, there is no sufficient information on the utilization of insecticide-treated bed nets and their associated factors in Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
December 2024
Computational Neuroscience Unit, Intelligent Systems Labs, Faculty of Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
The brain must maintain a stable world model while rapidly adapting to the environment, but the underlying mechanisms are not known. Here, we posit that cortico-cerebellar loops play a key role in this process. We introduce a computational model of cerebellar networks that learn to drive cortical networks with task-outcome predictions.
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