Keel bone fractures in laying hens have been described with increasing prevalence from several countries over the last twenty years and are considered one of the greatest welfare problems to the layer industry. In Denmark we have observed fracture prevalence in the range of 53% to 100% in flocks from cage-free systems whereas flock prevalences in birds from enriched cages ranged between 50-98%. Previous research have speculated that the underlying reason for the development of keel bone fractures is trauma in relation to impact of the bird with furniture, other equipment etc. However, little evidence of this theory has been provided. Predisposing factors have also been suggested including genetics of the bird, lack of specific feedstuff components, high egg production, management factors and layer fatigue. This study has addressed the possible pathogenesis of these fractures by pathological characterization of fractures in birds from different production systems. More than 60 keel bones with fractures have been characterized histo-pathologically and by CT scan. This included an assessment of damage to muscles and soft tissues, the bone and the healing process including callus formation. This investigation has shown that high energy collisions cannot be responsible for the majority of fractures, located at the caudal tip of the keel bone, observed in laying birds as markers associated trauma were not observed in the majority of the cases just as few recognized healing processes were observed. These results suggest an alternative pathogenesis to trauma.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7062247 | PMC |
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0229735 | PLOS |
Background: The cementation technique is crucial for achieving adequate fixation and optimal survivorship in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The thickness of the cement at the tibial bone-implant surface may be related to aseptic tibial loosening. However, to date, no studies have demonstrated a direct association between cement thickness and rates of aseptic tibial loosening.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Orthop Trauma Surg
December 2024
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
PLoS One
December 2024
Farm Animal Behaviour and Husbandry Section, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany.
Two major welfare problems in laying hen farming are keel bone damage (KBD) and cannibalism. Their assessment is time-consuming, needs well-trained assessors, and prevalence estimates are often imprecise due to small sample sizes. Here, the bottleneck slaughterhouse comes into focus where large numbers of animals can be inspected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Orthop Res
November 2024
Medical Device Research Institute, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
During cementless total knee arthroplasty (TKA), an overlap between the resected tibia and the implant's geometry, termed interference fit, is introduced to facilitate primary stability and direct bone-implant contact. However, little is known about the actual interference achieved and the resulting mechanical response in the surrounding cancellous bone. The aim of this study was (1) to experimentally quantify the actual interference achieved for a commercially available cementless tibial implant and (2) to assess its effect on the post-impaction cancellous bone strain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPoult Sci
December 2024
Department of Animal Bioscience, University of Guelph ON, Canada; Campbell Centre for the Study of Animal Welfare, University of Guelph ON, Canada. Electronic address:
Keel bone damage (KBD) is a major welfare concern for laying hens. Environmental complexity during rearing is suggested to promote skeletal development and reduce KB fractures (KBF). We investigated the effect of rearing environment and genetic strain on KB development and health.
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