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Caveolae are abundant surface pits formed by the assembly of cytoplasmic proteins on a platform generated by caveolin integral membrane proteins and membrane lipids. This membranous assembly can bud off into the cell or can be disassembled releasing the cavin proteins into the cytosol. Disassembly can be triggered by increased membrane tension, or by stress stimuli, such as UV. Here, we discuss recent mechanistic studies showing how caveolae are formed and how their unique properties allow them to function as multifunctional protective and signaling structures.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceb.2020.02.001 | DOI Listing |
Nat Commun
March 2025
Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) play crucial roles in intercellular communication. However, the internalization of individual sEVs by recipient cells has not been directly observed. Here, we examined these mechanisms using state-of-the-art imaging techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Metab
February 2025
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; Center for Functional Genomics and Tissue Plasticity (ATLAS), University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark. Electronic address:
The liver is essential for normal fatty acid utilization during fasting. Circulating fatty acids are taken up by hepatocytes and esterified as triacylglycerols for either oxidative metabolization and ketogenesis or export. Whereas the regulation of fatty acid oxidation in hepatocytes is well understood, the uptake and retention of non-esterified fatty acids by hepatocytes is not.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Respir J
February 2025
Institute of Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Free University Berlin and the Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Background: Platelet-activating factor (PAF)-induced pulmonary endothelial barrier failure is mediated by acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) translocation to caveolae. ASM, however, lacks a transmembrane domain for anchoring inside caveolae. We hypothesized that ASM may anchor to cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor (CI-M6PR) in caveolae from where it can be competitively released by M6P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Metab
February 2025
State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China. Electronic address:
Metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) remains a major health challenge. Herein, we identify sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3 (SMPD3) as a key driver of hepatic ceramide accumulation through increasing sphingomyelin hydrolysis at the cell membrane. Hepatocyte-specific Smpd3 gene disruption or pharmacological inhibition of SMPD3 alleviates MASH, whereas reintroducing SMPD3 reverses the resolution of MASH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
February 2025
Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
Transport of LDL (low-density lipoprotein) from plasma to arterial intima is thought to be rate limiting in the development of atherosclerosis. Its variation likely determines where lesions develop within arteries and might account for some of the currently unexplained difference in disease susceptibility between individuals. It may also be critical in the development of lipid-rich, unstable plaques.
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