It appears that electronic cigarettes (EC) are a less harmful alternative to conventional cigarette (CC) smoking, as they generate substantially lower levels of harmful carcinogens and other toxic compounds. Thus, switching from CC to EC may be beneficial for smokers. However, recent accounts of EC- or vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI) has raised concerns regarding their adverse health effects. Additionally, the increasing popularity of EC among vulnerable populations, such as adolescents and pregnant women, calls for further EC safety evaluation. In this state-of-the-art review, we provide an update on recent findings regarding the neurological effects induced by EC exposure. Moreover, we discuss possible neurotoxic effects of nicotine and numerous other chemicals which are inherent both to e-liquids and EC aerosols. We conclude that in recognizing pertinent issues associated with EC usage, both government and scientific researchers must address this public health issue with utmost urgency.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2020.111245 | DOI Listing |
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Investigative analysis of blood-brain barrier penetrating potential of electronic nicotine delivery systems (e-cigarettes) chemicals using predictive computational models.
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July 2024
United States Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products, Office of Science, Division of Nonclinical Science, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Introduction: Seizures are known potential side effects of nicotine toxicity and have been reported in electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS, e-cigarettes) users, with the majority involving youth or young adults.
Areas Covered: Using chemoinformatic computational models, chemicals (including flavors) documented to be present in ENDS were compared to known neuroactive compounds to predict the blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration potential, central nervous system (CNS) activity, and their structural similarities. The literature search used PubMed/Google Scholar, through September 2023, to identify individual chemicals in ENDS and neuroactive compounds.
Investigating Behavioral and Neuronal Changes in Adolescent Mice Following Prenatal Exposure to Electronic Cigarette (E-Cigarette) Vapor Containing Nicotine.
Brain Sci
October 2023
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia.
A substantial percentage of pregnant smokers stop using traditional cigarettes and switch to alternative nicotine-related products such as e-cigarettes. Prenatal exposure to tobacco increases the risk of psychiatric disorders in children. Adolescence is a complex phase in which higher cognitive and emotional processes undergo maturation and refinement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPreliminary study on the E-liquid and aerosol on the neurobehavior of C. elegans.
Environ Int
September 2023
Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China. Electronic address:
E-cigarettes, also known as electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), are mainly used among adolescents and young adults. Similar to traditional cigarettes, different concentrations of nicotine are also added to E-cigarette's liquid (E-liquid), but due to the supplementation of chemicals such as propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerin (VG) and flavors, it is difficult to determine the risk after using E-cigarettes. And given to the specificity of the aerosol particle composition and atomization process of E-cigarettes, it is necessary to assess the neurotoxic effects of long-term E-cigarettes use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExposure to metals among Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) users in the PATH study: A longitudinal analysis.
Environ Res
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Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Background: Few studies have evaluated Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) in longitudinal studies, as a potential source of metals which may have carcinogenic, neurotoxic, and cardiotoxic effects. We evaluated metal body burden by ENDS use status in a longitudinal population-based national survey.
Methods: We used the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study wave 1 (2013-2014), wave 2 (2014-2015), and wave 3 (2015-2016) adult data to assess urinary concentrations of seven metals among (1) ENDS only users who never used any nonelectronic tobacco products (n = 50), (2) ENDS only users who were former users of any nonelectronic tobacco products (n = 123) and (3) Never users (n = 1501) of any tobacco product.
The most direct effects of inhaled harmful constituents are the effects on the airways. However, inhaled compounds can be rapidly absorbed and subsequently result in systemic effects. For example, e-cigarette vapor has been shown to evoke local effects in the lung, although little is known about subsequent effects in secondary target organs such as the brain.
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