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Discriminative, generative artificial intelligence, and foundation models in retina imaging.
Taiwan J Ophthalmol
November 2024
Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Recent advances of artificial intelligence (AI) in retinal imaging found its application in two major categories: discriminative and generative AI. For discriminative tasks, conventional convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are still major AI techniques. Vision transformers (ViT), inspired by the transformer architecture in natural language processing, has emerged as useful techniques for discriminating retinal images.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To assess the prevalence and risk factors of myopic macular degeneration (MMD) in young and middle-aged individuals with high myopia in Changsha, central China.
Methods: A total of 445 adults with high myopia (worse than or equal to -5.0 D) were examined between 2021 and 2023.
Slab-Specific Projection-Resolved Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography for Enhancing En Face Polyp Detection in Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Purpose: A projection-resolved optical coherence tomography angiography (PR-OCTA) algorithm with slab-specific strategy was applied in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) to differentiate between polyp and branching vascular network (BVN) and improve polyp detection by en face OCTA.
Methods: Twenty-nine participants diagnosed with PCV by indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and 30 participants diagnosed with typical neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) were enrolled. Polyps were classified into three categories after using the slab-specific PR algorithm.
Efficiency and safety of automated label cleaning on multimodal retinal images.
NPJ Digit Med
January 2025
Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
Label noise is a common and important issue that would affect the model's performance in artificial intelligence. This study assessed the effectiveness and potential risks of automated label cleaning using an open-source framework, Cleanlab, in multi-category datasets of fundus photography and optical coherence tomography, with intentionally introduced label noise ranging from 0 to 70%. After six cycles of automatic cleaning, significant improvements are achieved in label accuracies (3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFace pareidolia minimally engages macaque face selective neurons.
Prog Neurobiol
January 2025
Section on Cognitive Neurophysiology and Imaging, Systems Neurodevelopment Laboratory, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Neurophysiology Imaging Facility, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Eye Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address:
The macaque cerebral cortex contains concentrations of neurons that prefer faces over inanimate objects. Although these so-called face patches are thought to be specialized for the analysis of facial signals, their exact tuning properties remain unclear. For example, what happens when an object by chance resembles a face? Everyday objects can sometimes, through the accidental positioning of their internal components, appear as faces.
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