The Vibrio cholerae type VI secretion system: toxins, regulators and consequences.

Environ Microbiol

Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Published: October 2020

AI Article Synopsis

  • The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a molecular weapon employed by many Gram-negative bacteria, including Vibrio cholerae, to inject toxins into neighboring cells.
  • T6SS allows V. cholerae to evade immune responses, cause intestinal inflammation, and outcompete other bacteria by disrupting their cellular structures.
  • The review explores the genetic regulation of T6SS in various V. cholerae strains, the different toxic effectors involved, and the system's function in both natural ecosystems and within hosts.

Article Abstract

The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a proteinaceous weapon used by many Gram-negative bacteria to deliver toxins into adjacent target cells. Vibrio cholerae, the bacterium responsible for the fatal water-borne cholera disease, uses the T6SS to evade phagocytic eukaryotes, cause intestinal inflammation, and compete against other bacteria with toxins that disrupt lipid membranes, cell walls and actin cytoskeletons. The control of T6SS genes varies among V. cholerae strains and typically includes inputs from external signals and cues, such as quorum sensing and chitin availability. In the following review, we highlight the repertoire of toxic T6SS effectors and the diverse genetic regulation networks among different isolates of V. cholerae. Finally, we discuss the roles played by the T6SS of V. cholerae in both natural environments and hosts.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.14976DOI Listing

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