Purpose: We assessed the efficacy of aprepitant (APR) or 10 or 5 mg OLN (OLN10 or OLN5) plus ondansetron and dexamethasone for chemotherapy-induced nausea/vomiting (CINV) prophylaxis in patients receiving high-emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC).

Methods: Patients who received doxorubicin + cyclophosphamide or cisplatin were given intravenous ondansetron and dexamethasone prior to chemotherapy and oral dexamethasone on days 2-4 and randomized 1:1:1 to receive APR125 on day 1 and APR80 on days 2-3 or OLN10 or OLN5 on days 1-4. Matched placebo controls were used. The primary endpoint was no nausea in ≤ 120 h. Secondary endpoints included CINV severity, complete response (CR) rate, adverse effects (AE), and quality of life.

Results: Of 141 patients, 104 received AC and 37 received cisplatin. The no-nausea rates were 33% (APR), 43.2% (OLN10; p = 0.24), and 37% (OLN5; p = 0.87). Grades 2-4 nausea were experienced by fewer patients for OLN10 than for APR (24-120 h, 8.7% vs. 27.7%, respectively; p = 0.02; overall period, 19.6% vs. 40.4%, respectively; p = 0.03). The median visual analog scale nausea score from 24 to 120 h was significantly lower for OLN10 (2.3) than for APR (1.2, p = 0.03). The degrees of vomiting, CR, and AE were similar between the APR and OLN10 groups. CINV was similar between the OLN5 and APR groups.

Conclusions: Nausea was less severe for OLN10 than for APR in patients receiving HEC, but other measures were similar. CINV prevention efficacy was comparable between OLN5 and APR.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-020-05380-6DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

ondansetron dexamethasone
12
patients receiving
12
oln10 apr
12
receiving high-emetogenic
8
high-emetogenic chemotherapy
8
apr
8
oln10 oln5
8
oln5 apr
8
oln10
7
patients
6

Similar Publications

Purpose: Evaluate the effectiveness of various drugs in preventing postdischarge nausea and vomiting (PDNV).

Design: Systematic review.

Methods: A search for evidence was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Collaboration, and Google Scholar and gray literature.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: For high-risk patients, adding a third antiemetic drug to dual postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) prophylaxis is controversial. Given the established antiemetic properties of midazolam, this study compared the combination of low-dose dexamethasone-ondansetron and midazolam with high-dose dexamethasone-ondansetron.

Methods: A total of 300 female patients scheduled for breast surgery were recruited and randomly assigned to two groups.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The most troublesome complaint after general anaesthesia and surgery, especially laparoscopic surgeries, is postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). We routinely use pharmacologic prophylaxis to prevent PONV. In patients undergoing laparoscopic procedures, we assessed the effectiveness of palonosetron compared to ondansetron combined with dexamethasone in preventing the incidence of PONV.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignancies in women and imposes a significant health burden globally. According to data from the World Health Organization, the incidence of BC has been increasing steadily over the years. It has become one of the leading causes of cancer-related death among women worldwide.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) is an infrequent yet severe mucocutaneous reaction that involves less than 10% of the Body Surface Area (BSA). It is predominantly induced by certain medications, including anticonvulsants (e.g.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!