Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is an immunosuppressive medication used for the management of various autoimmune diseases, and patients with bone marrow and solid organ transplants. Gastrointestinal side effects are seen 45% of the time and they include nausea (29%), vomiting (23%), constipation (38%), diarrhea (50%-92%), and colitis (9%). In 98% of cases, resolution of diarrhea occurs within 20 days upon discontinuation of the MMF. Data is scarce regarding approach in the treatment of MMF-induced colitis. We report a case of MMF-induced colitis diagnosed by colonoscopy and histopathology. This case illustrates the challenges encountered while managing MMF-induced colitis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.6774 | DOI Listing |
Curr Drug Saf
January 2025
Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Department of Elderly/ Frailty Medicine, United Kingdom.
Background: Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is an immunosuppressant commonly used for treating autoimmune diseases.
Case Presentation: We report a diagnostically challenging case of MMF-induced colitis in a patient after 3 years of initiation of MMF therapy. A 76-year-old Caucasian female with a history of Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy receiving MMF presented to the hospital with a 7-weeks history of watery diarrhoea and crampy abdominal pains.
Microbiol Spectr
August 2024
Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
J Med Case Rep
May 2024
Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, King Fahad Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Background: Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is an immunosuppressive drug that is frequently prescribed to patients with rheumatological diseases. MMF's side effects include abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting, and other gastro-intestinal side effects, which typically appear in the first few months of treatment. However, late-onset diarrhea does not rule out the presence of MMF-induced colitis, which can be misdiagnosed since it is linked to a broad range of histopathological characteristics, including alterations that resemble inflammatory bowel disease, graft-versus-host disease, and ischemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
April 2024
Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China. Electronic address:
Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is a viable therapeutic option against various immune disorders as a chemotherapeutic agent. Nevertheless, its application has been undermined by the gastrotoxic metabolites (mycophenolic acid glucuronide, MPAG) produced by microbiome-associated β-glucuronidase (βGUS). Therefore, controlling microbiota-produced βGUS underlines the potential strategy to improve MMF efficacy by overcoming the dosage limitation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOman Med J
March 2023
Department of Medicine, Ministry of Health and Prevention, Dubai, UAE.
The incidence of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) has been increasing over the past few years as a direct result of the growing percentages of individuals with metabolic syndrome. From 2001 to 2015 there were 2805 individuals diagnosed with ESKD in Oman with a growing number of patients undergoing renal transplant as the gold standard management of renal replacement therapy. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is one of the most frequently used medications as a part of immunosuppressive medications in renal transplant specifically and solid organ transplant generally.
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