We have calculated inelastic mean free paths (IMFPs) for 42 inorganic compounds (AgBr, AgCl, AgI, AlO, AlAs, AlN, AlSb, cubic BN, hexagonal BN, CdS, CdSe, CdTe, GaAs, GaN, GaP, GaSb, GaSe, InAs, InP, InSb, KBr, KCl, MgF, MgO, NaCl, NbC, NbC, NbC, PbS, PbSe, PbTe, SiC, SiO, SnTe, TiC, TiC, VC, VC, YAlO, ZnS, ZnSe, and ZnTe) for electron energies from 50 eV to 200 keV. These calculations were made with energy-loss functions (ELFs) obtained from measured optical constants for 15 compounds while calculated ELFs were utilized for the other 27 compounds. Checks based on ELF sum rules showed that the calculated ELFs were superior to the measured ELFs that we had used previously. Our calculated IMFPs could be fitted to a modified form of the relativistic Bethe equation for inelastic scattering of electrons in matter for energies from 50 eV to 200 keV. The average root-mean-square (RMS) deviation in these fits was 0.60 %. The IMFPs were also compared with a relativistic version of our predictive Tanuma-Powell-Penn (TPP-2M) equation. The average RMS deviation in these comparisons was 10.7 % for energies between 50 eV and 200 keV. This average RMS deviation is almost the same as that found in a similar comparison for a group of 41 elemental solids (11.9 %) although relatively large deviations were found for cubic BN (65.6 %) and hexagonal BN (34.3%). If these two compounds are excluded in the comparisons, the average RMS deviation becomes 8.7 %. We found generally satisfactory agreement between our calculated IMFPs and values from other calculations and from experiments.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.6598 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia.
In this study, the endophytic fungus Coniothyrium chaingmaiense-KUMBMDBT-25 was isolated from the healthy stem of Euphorbia tirucalli, mass cultivated by submerged fermentation, and extracted using ethyl acetate as a solvent. The extract was subjected to GC-MS analysis. The synthesized Con-AgNPs were characterized through various bioanalytical methods.
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January 2025
Ramaciotti Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
High-resolution cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) requires costly 200- to 300-keV cryo-transmission electron microscopes (cryo-TEMs) with field emission gun (FEG) sources, stable columns, constant-powered lenses, autoloader, and direct electron detectors (DED). Recent advances in 100-keV imaging with the emergence of sub-200-keV optimized DED technology promises the development of more affordable cryo-TEMs. So far, 100-keV imaging has required microscopes with FEG sources.
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December 2024
School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China.
Microtextured microneedles are tiny needle-like structures with micron-scale microtextures, and the drugs stored in the microtextures can be released after entering the skin to achieve the effect of precise drug delivery. In this study, the skin substitution model of Ogden's hyperelastic model and the microneedle array and microtexture models with different geometrical parameters were selected to simulate and analyse the flow of the microtexture microneedle arrays penetrating the skin by the finite-element method, and the length of the microneedles was determined to be 200 μm, the width 160 μm, and the value of the gaps was determined to be 420 μm. A four-pronged cone was chosen as the shape of microneedles, and a rectangle was chosen as the shape of the drug-carrying microneedle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcad Radiol
December 2024
Radiomics and Augmented Intelligence Laboratory (RAIL), Department of Radiology and the Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL (M.H-S., H.S.S., A.G.R., S.E.M., J.C.P., E.Y.A., B.H., R.F.); Department of Radiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL (M.H-S., H.S.S., A.G.R., J.C.P., E.Y.A., B.H., R.F.); Division of Medical Physics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL (R.F.); Department of Neurology, Division of Movement Disorders, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL (R.F.); Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (R.F.); Department of Radiology, AdventHealth Medical Group, Maitland, FL (R.F.). Electronic address:
Rationale And Objectives: To evaluate and compare image quality of different energy levels of virtual monochromatic images (VMIs) using standard versus strong deep learning spectral reconstruction (DLSR) on dual-energy CT pulmonary angiogram (DECT-PA).
Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 70 patients who underwent DECT-PA (15 PE present; 55 PE absent) scans. VMIs were reconstructed at different energy levels ranging from 35 to 200 keV using standard and strong levels with deep learning spectral reconstruction.
Curr Oncol
November 2024
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
In same-day radioembolization, 99mTc-MAA SPECT/CT, 90Y radioembolization, and post-treatment 90Y SPECT/CT procedures are conducted on the same-day, resulting in a dual-isotope environment of 90Y and 99mTc during post-treatment imaging. This study aimed to quantify the impact of 99mTc on 90Y bremsstrahlung-SPECT/CT image quality and to establish an optimised imaging protocol for both clinical practice, and with advanced reconstruction techniques. Utilising a NEMA IQ phantom, contrast recovery coefficients (CRCs) were measured to evaluate the 90Y image quality degradation caused by 99mTc.
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