AI Article Synopsis
- Obese individuals generally have lower energy expenditure (EE), and this study focuses on the impacts of food intake factors on diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) in them.
- A systematic review of 15 relevant studies explored how different dietary components, such as macronutrient ratios and supplements, affected DIT in obese people, revealing variable outcomes.
- Findings indicated that higher protein or carbohydrate ratios compared to fat can boost DIT, and specific nutrients like calcium and vitamin D improved DIT, but overall, the relationship between DIT and obesity remains complex and unclear.
Article Abstract
Obese individuals are considered to have lower energy expenditure (EE) rates than non-obese individuals. We aimed to investigate the effects of various factors related to food intake on diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) in the EE of obese individuals. Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we reviewed relevant literature from PubMed, Embase, and Medline databases from study inception till the end of July 2019. Studies on dietary factors affecting DIT in obese individuals were included. Fifteen studies were included; these studies assessed macronutrient, single-nutrient, or supplement meal compositions, as well as dietary patterns and behaviors. The effect of obesity on DIT was not constant in each study. Differences in DIT pertained to the protein ratio being higher than the fat ratio or the carbohydrate ratio being higher than the fat ratio. High intake of calcium and vitamin D as well as high-oleic peanut supplements increased DIT in obese people. In addition, ascorbic acid intake, fatty acid saturation, and the chain length of various fatty acids had no effects on DIT. In conclusion, the findings suggest that in obese individuals, DIT is associated with various factors related to meal, nutrient, and dietary habits. However, because of the complexity of the relationship between DIT and obesity, it is difficult to determine the critical element underlying this association.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.66.1 | DOI Listing |
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