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Risk factors for breast cancer brain metastases: a systematic review. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Brain metastasis (BM) is a severe complication that often arises in patients with breast cancer (BC), leading to increased morbidity.
  • A systematic review of 96 studies revealed key independent risk factors for brain metastases, including young age, estrogen receptor negativity, and more aggressive tumor characteristics like larger size and higher histological grades.
  • The findings aim to inform the creation of screening tools and clinical trials for the early detection and intervention of brain metastases in breast cancer patients.

Article Abstract

Background: Brain metastasis (BM) is an increasingly common and devastating complication of breast cancer (BC).

Methods: A systematic literature search of EMBASE and MEDLINE was conducted to elucidate the current state of knowledge on known and novel prognostic factors associated with 1) the risk for BCBM and 2) the time to brain metastases (TTBM).

Results: A total of 96 studies involving institutional records from 28 countries were identified. Of these, 69 studies reported risk factors of BCBM, 46 factors associated with the TTBM and twenty studies examined variables for both outcomes. Young age, estrogen receptor negativity (ER-), overexpression of human epidermal factor (HER2+), and higher presenting stage, histological grade, tumor size, Ki67 labeling index and nodal involvement were consistently found to be independent risk factors of BCBM. Of these, triple-negative BC (TNBC) subtype, ER-, higher presenting histological grade, tumor size, and nodal involvement were also reported to associate with shorter TTBM. In contrast, young age, hormone receptor negative (HR-) status, higher presenting stage, nodal involvement and development of liver metastasis were the most important risk factors for BM in HER2-positive patients.

Conclusions: The study provides a comprehensive and individual evaluation of the risk factors that could support the design of screening tools and interventional trials for early detection of BCBM.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7021234PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.27453DOI Listing

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