A double-blind randomised trial was carried out among 46 patients undergoing elective colonic surgery; 27 patients received prophylactic metronidazole and 19 received placebo. Anaerobic infections did not develop in any of the metronidazole-treated patients, but did develop in 11 (58%) of 19 controls who were subsequently successfully treated with metronidazole.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1605270PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.1.6061.607DOI Listing

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