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Habitat fragmentation increases the risk of local extinction of small reptiles: A case study on Phrynocephalus przewalskii.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
January 2025
Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. Electronic address:
Habitat fragmentation represents a multifaceted global conservation threat, exerting both direct and indirect effects on individual animals and communities. Reptiles, particularly smaller species with limited migratory abilities, are especially vulnerable to these changes. This study examines how small reptiles adapt their life history strategies in fragmented habitats and determines whether their responses are primarily due to phenotypic plasticity or genetic adaptation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGastroesophageal Reflux in Infants and Children: Diagnosis and Treatment.
Am Fam Physician
January 2025
Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, N.C.
Gastroesophageal reflux is a common physiologic event in infants in which gastric contents pass from the stomach into the esophagus. Gastroesophageal reflux may be asymptomatic or cause regurgitation or "spit up." This occurs daily in approximately 40% of infants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCase-Based Virtual Reality Simulation for Severe Pelvic Trauma Clinical Skill Training in Medical Students: Design and Pilot Study.
JMIR Med Educ
January 2025
Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Background: Teaching severe pelvic trauma poses a significant challenge in orthopedic surgery education due to the necessity of both clinical reasoning and procedural operational skills for mastery. Traditional methods of instruction, including theoretical teaching and mannequin practice, face limitations due to the complexity, the unpredictability of treatment scenarios, the scarcity of typical cases, and the abstract nature of traditional teaching, all of which impede students' knowledge acquisition.
Objective: This study aims to introduce a novel experimental teaching methodology for severe pelvic trauma, integrating virtual reality (VR) technology as a potent adjunct to existing teaching practices.
Pessary Placement for Voiding Dysfunction Due to Prolapse Among Neurologically Intact Women.
Urogynecology (Phila)
January 2025
Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IL.
Importance: Literature surrounding conservative management of voiding dysfunction (VD) due to pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is limited.
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of pessaries on VD in women with symptomatic POP.
Study Design: This was a retrospective case series of adult women who underwent a pessary fitting for POP and VD between January 2010 to December 2022 at 2 tertiary care centers.
Effects of Atmospheric Pollutants on Volatile-Mediated Insect Ecosystem Services.
Glob Chang Biol
January 2025
Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Forestry and Technology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Primary and secondary atmospheric pollutants, including carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO), ozone (O), sulphur dioxide (SO) and particulate matter (PM/PM) with associated heavy metals (HMs) and micro- and nanoplastics (MPs/NPs), have the potential to influence and alter interspecific interactions involving insects that are responsible for providing essential ecosystem services (ESs). Given that insects rely on olfactory cues for vital processes such as locating mates, food sources and oviposition sites, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are of paramount importance in interactions involving insects. While gaseous pollutants reduce the lifespan of individual compounds that act as olfactory cues, gaseous and particulate pollutants can alter their biosynthesis and emission and exert a direct effect on the olfactory system of insects.
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