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Disrupted Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus Functional Connectivity in Parkinson's Disease With Constipation.
Neurogastroenterol Motil
January 2025
Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Background: Constipation is one of the most common non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), which could manifest during the early stage of the disease. However, the etiology of constipation in PD remains largely unknown. Previous studies supported that gastrointestinal dysfunction may be associated with functional connectivity alterations in paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHyperintense lesions of the middle cerebellar peduncle and beyond: a pictorial essay.
Radiol Bras
January 2025
Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (FCM-Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
The middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP) is the largest afferent system of the cerebellum and consists of fibres from the cortico-ponto-cerebellar tract. Specifically, several relevant diseases can present with hyperintensity in the MCP on T2-weighted/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (T2/FLAIR) magnetic resonance imaging sequences, including multiple sclerosis; acute disseminated encephalomyelitis; neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder; progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy; hepatic encephalopathy; osmotic demyelination syndrome; multiple system atrophy; fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome; megalencephalic leucoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts; spinocerebellar ataxias; hemi-pontine infarct with trans-axonal degeneration; and diffuse midline glioma with the histone H3K27M mutation. The aim of this pictorial review is to discuss the imaging findings that are relevant for the differential diagnosis of diseases presenting with MCP hyperintensity on T2/FLAIR sequences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNetwork topology and metabolic alterations in early- and mid-stage Parkinson's disease: insights from fluorodeoxyglucose PET imaging.
Nucl Med Commun
January 2025
Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian.
Objectives: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with distinct metabolic alterations in the brain, which are detectable via 18F-FDG PET. This study aims to delineate glucose metabolism patterns and network topology changes across early- and mid-stage PD patients.
Methods: A total of 80 PD patients (Hoehn-Yahr stages 1-3) were retrospectively analyzed, including 40 early-stage and 40 mid-stage cases, along with 40 age-matched healthy controls.
Synaptic Density Reductions in MSA: A Potential Biomarker Identified Through [F]SynVesT-1 PET Imaging.
Ann Neurol
January 2025
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
Objective: The objective of this study was to delineate synaptic density alterations in multiple system atrophy (MSA) and explore its potential role as a biomarker for MSA diagnosis and disease severity monitoring using [F]SynVesT-1 positron emission tomography / computed tomography (PET CT).
Methods: In this prospective study, 60 patients with MSA (30 patients with MSA-parkinsonian [MSA-P] subtype and 30 patients with MSA-cerebellar [MSA-C] subtype), 30 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and 30 age-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent [F]SynVesT-1 PET/CT for synaptic density assessment. Visual, voxel, and volumetric region of interest (VOI) analyses were used to elucidate synaptic density patterns in the MSA brain and establish diagnostic criteria.
Spontaneous Nystagmus Violating the Alexander's Law: Neural Substrates and Mechanisms.
Cerebellum
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, South Korea.
Alexander's law states that spontaneous nystagmus increases when looking in the direction of fast-phase and decreases during gaze in slow-phase direction. Disobedience to Alexander's law is occasionally observed in central nystagmus, but the underlying neural circuit mechanisms are poorly understood. In a retrospective analysis of 2,652 patients with posterior circulations stroke, we found a violation of Alexander's law in one or both directions of lateral gaze in 17 patients with lesions of unilateral lateral medulla affecting the vestibular nucleus.
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