Panic disorder respiratory subtype: psychopathology and challenge tests - an update.

Braz J Psychiatry

Laboratório Pânico e Respiração, Instituto de Psiquiatria (IPUB), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

Published: August 2020

Panic disorder (PD) pathophysiology is very heterogeneous, and the discrimination of distinct subtypes could be very useful. A subtype based on respiratory symptoms is known to constitute a specific subgroup. However, evidence to support the respiratory subtype (RS) as a distinct subgroup of PD with a well-defined phenotype remains controversial. Studies have focused on characterization of the RS based on symptoms and response to CO2. In this line, we described clinical and biological aspects focused on symptomatology and CO2 challenge tests in PD RS. The main symptoms that characterize RS are dyspnea (shortness of breath) and a choking sensation. Moreover, patients with the RS tended to be more responsive to CO2 challenge tests, which triggered more panic attacks in this subgroup. Future studies should focus on discriminating respiratory-related clusters and exploring psychophysiological and neuroimaging outcomes in order to provide robust evidence to confirm RS as a distinct subtype of PD.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7430397PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0717DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

challenge tests
12
panic disorder
8
respiratory subtype
8
co2 challenge
8
disorder respiratory
4
subtype
4
subtype psychopathology
4
psychopathology challenge
4
tests update
4
update panic
4

Similar Publications

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!