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Article Synopsis
  • The pathogenesis of long COVID (LC) involves uncertainty, complicating the search for effective therapies.
  • The hypothesis suggests that chronic damage to the body's anti-inflammatory mechanisms, particularly through the vagus nerve, HPA axis, and mitochondrial function, plays a crucial role in LC development.
  • The theory posits that SARS-CoV-2 alters these systems at various levels, leading to persistent inflammation due to impaired anti-inflammatory responses from acetylcholine and cortisol, warranting further investigation into glucocorticoid receptor sensitivity and potential long-term epigenetic effects.
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[Investigation of general toxic effects of Relatox in comparison with Dysport].

Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova

December 2024

OOO NBC «Pharmbiomed», Moscow, Russia.

Objective: To evaluate the toxic effects of the agent Relatox on mature outbred rats and mice in an acute experiment in comparison with the registered analogue Dysport.

Material And Methods: Based on the aim of experiment, the acute toxic effects of Relatox and Dysport were assessed on two animal species: rats and mice at intraperitoneal and intramuscular administration at dose levels that made it possible to calculate the toxicological parameter values (initially 10-150 U/kg with subsequent usage of additional doses 20 U/kg to 300 U/kg depending on the agent and route of administration). The LD values and other acute toxic parameters were calculated using probit analysis.

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Adaptive remodeling of rat adrenomedullary stimulus-secretion coupling in a chronic hypertensive environment.

Cell Mol Life Sci

December 2024

Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, MITOVASC, Équipe CARME, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France.

Chronic elevated blood pressure impinges on the functioning of multiple organs and therefore harms body homeostasis. Elucidating the protective mechanisms whereby the organism copes with sustained or repetitive blood pressure rises is therefore a topical challenge. Here we address this issue in the adrenal medulla, the master neuroendocrine tissue involved in the secretion of catecholamines, influential hormones in blood pressure regulation.

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Efficacy, tolerability, and safety of xanomeline-trospium chloride for schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Eur Neuropsychopharmacol

December 2024

SCIENCES Lab, Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute: Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. Electronic address:

The United States Food and Drug Administration approved xanomeline-trospium combination for schizophrenia on September-26-2024. We conducted a PRISMA 2020-compliant systematic review with random-effects meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of xanomeline-trospium in randomized controlled trials in patients with schizophrenia (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, PsycINFO, October-01-2024). Co-primary outcomes were Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score (standardized mean difference=SMD), and all-cause discontinuation (risk ratio=RR).

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Background: Exposure to high anticholinergic burden is associated with adverse outcomes in older adults. Older adults with frailty have greater vulnerability to adverse anticholinergic effects. There is limited data on anticholinergic burden in hospitalised older adults with frailty particularly, in New Zealand.

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