AI Article Synopsis
- The discovery of nonprotein-coding microRNAs has led to a new understanding of gene regulation, as they are now seen as key players in controlling gene expression and various biological processes.
- Circulating microRNAs have potential as biomarkers for Parkinson's disease, showing high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing patients from healthy individuals.
- However, challenges remain in their clinical application, including issues with organ specificity and variability between studies, which this review addresses while exploring future prospects for their use as diagnostic tools.
Article Abstract
Discovery of evolutionarily conserved, nonprotein-coding, endogenous microRNAs has induced a paradigm shift in the overall understanding of gene regulation. Now, microRNAs are considered and classified as master regulators of gene expression as they regulate a wide range of processes - gene regulation, splicing, translation and posttranscriptional modifications. Besides, dysregulated microRNAs have been related to many diseases, including Parkinson's and related disorders. Several studies proposed that differentially expressed microRNAs as a potential biomarker. So far, there is no accepted clinical diagnostic test for Parkinson's disease based on biochemical analysis of biological fluids. However, circulating microRNAs possess many vital features typical of reliable biomarkers and discriminates Parkinson's patients from healthy control with much higher sensitivity and specificity. Though they show tremendous promise as a putative biomarker, translating these research findings to clinical application is often met with many obstacles. Most of the candidate microRNAs reported as a diagnostic biomarker is not organ-specific, and their overlap is low between studies. Therefore this review aimed to highlight the challenges in the application of microRNA in guiding disease discrimination decisions and its future prospects as a diagnostic biomarker in Parkinson's Disease.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7001448 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/aian.AIAN_440_19 | DOI Listing |
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