Introduction: Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is a potent biological toxin and powerful therapeutic tool for a growing number of clinical orofacial applications. BoNT relaxes striated muscle by inhibiting acetylcholine's release from presynaptic nerve terminals, blocking the neuromuscular junction. It also has an antinociceptive effect on sensory nerve endings, where BoNT and acetylcholine are transported axonally to the central nervous system. In dentistry, controlled clinical trials have demonstrated BoNT's efficiency in pathologies such as bruxism, facial paralysis, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, neuropathic pain, sialorrhea, dystonia and more.
Aim: This study's aim was to conduct a systematic literature review to assess the most recent high-level clinical evidence for BoNT's efficacy and for various protocols (the toxin used, dilution, dosage and infiltration sites) used in several orofacial pathologies.
Materials And Methods: We systematically searched the MedLine database for research papers published from 2014 to 2019 with randomly allocated studies on humans. The search included the following pathologies: bruxism, dislocation of the TMJ, orofacial dystonia, myofascial pain, salivary gland disease, orofacial spasm, facial paralysis, sialorrhea, Frey syndrome and trigeminal neuralgia.
Results: We found 228 articles, of which only 20 met the inclusion criteria: bruxism (four articles), orofacial dystonia (two articles), myofascial pain (one article), salivary gland disease (one article), orofacial spasm (two articles), facial paralysis (three articles), sialorrhea (four articles) or trigeminal neuralgia (three articles).
Discussion: The clinical trials assessed showed variations in the dosage, application sites and musculature treated. Thus, applying BoNT can reduce symptoms related to motor muscular activity in the studied pathologies efficiently enough to satisfy patients. We did not identify the onset of any important side effects in the literature reviewed. We conclude that treatment with BoNT seems a safe and effective treatment for the reviewed pathologies.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7076767 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12020112 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Systematic evaluation and meta-analysis of the efficacy of Jingjin acupuncture therapy in the treatment of peripheral facial palsy.
Front Neurol
December 2024
Rehabilitation Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China.
Objective: This study aimed to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of Jingjin (muscle region of the meridian, sinew/tendon/fascia) acupuncture therapy in treating peripheral facial paralysis.
Methods: A computerized search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Studies, SCOPUS, Web of Science, PEDro, China Knowledge, Wanfang, and Wipu databases was performed for published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the treatment of peripheral facial paralysis using Jingjin acupuncture therapy from the beginning of the construction of the databases until 2 April 2024. After a two-person independent extraction of data, the studies were assessed for paper quality and then analyzed for meta-analysis using RevMan5.
Early diagnosis and treatment of Ramsay Hunt syndrome: a case report.
Int J Emerg Med
January 2025
Emergency Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
Background: Ramsay Hunt syndrome (RHS), a rare complication of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation, presents with ipsilateral facial paralysis, ear pain, and vesicular rash. Early recognition is crucial for prompt treatment and optimal outcomes.
Case Presentation: We report a case of a 67-year-old woman with RHS who presented with right-sided facial palsy, severe ear pain, and fluid-filled blisters.
Postauricular Approach for Enucleation of Cervical Vagal Schwannomas.
Head Neck
December 2024
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
Background: This study evaluates the outcomes of intracapsular enucleation using the retroauricular hairline incision (RAHI) approach for treating cervical vagal schwannomas.
Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted on patients with cervical vagal schwannomas. Eleven patients who underwent RAHI-based enucleation were included.
Fully endoscopic neurosurgery using a two-handed technique for cerebellopontine angle tumors via the retrosigmoid approach.
Front Oncol
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
Background: Surgery for tumors in the cerebellopontine angle is always a significant challenge due to the densely packed neurovascular structures, the narrow deep location, and the complex relationship between the lesions and surrounding neurovascular structures. Recently, great attention has been given to the neuroendoscope for its exclusive advantages, which have added a new dimension to many classical microscopic surgeries. However, the feasibility and advisability of fully endoscopic neurosurgery for cerebellopontine angle tumors remain to be further evaluated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructural remodeling of the brain cortex and functional recovery following hypoglossal-facial neurorrhaphy in patients with facial paralysis.
Brain Res
December 2024
Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 10070, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 10070, China; U1195, Inserm et Universite Paris-Saclay, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France. Electronic address:
Objective: Peripheral nerve injury results in functional alterations of the corresponding active brain areas, which are closely related to functional recovery. Whether such functional plasticity induces relative anatomical structural changes remains to be investigated.
Methods: In this study, we investigated the changes in brain cortical thickness in patients with facial paralysis following neurorrhaphy treatment at different follow-up times.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!