Objective: Cerebrovascular accidents are the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability worldwide. We hypothesized that cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (ctDCS) of the dentate nuclei and the lower-limb representations in the cerebellum can improve functional reach during standing balance in chronic (>6 months' post-stroke) stroke survivors.
Materials And Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based subject-specific electric field was computed across a convenience sample of 10 male chronic (>6 months) stroke survivors and one healthy MRI template to find an optimal bipolar bilateral ctDCS montage to target dentate nuclei and lower-limb representations (lobules VII-IX). Then, in a repeated-measure crossover study on a subset of 5 stroke survivors, we compared 15minutes of 2mA ctDCS based on the effects on successful functional reach (%) during standing balance task. Three-way ANOVA investigated the factors of interest- brain regions, montages, stroke participants, and their interactions.
Results: "One-size-fits-all" bipolar ctDCS montage for the clinical study was found to be PO9h-PO10h for dentate nuclei and Exx7-Exx8 for lobules VII-IX with the contralesional anode. PO9h-PO10h ctDCS performed significantly (alpha = 0.05) better in facilitating successful functional reach (%) when compared to Exx7-Exx8 ctDCS. Furthermore, a linear relationship between successful functional reach (%) and electric field strength was found where PO9h-PO10h montage resulted in a significantly (alpha = 0.05) higher electric field strength when compared to Exx7-Exx8 montage for the same 2mA current.
Conclusion: We presented a rational neuroimaging based approach to optimize deep ctDCS of the dentate nuclei and lower limb representations in the cerebellum for post-stroke balance rehabilitation. However, this promising pilot study was limited by "one-size-fits-all" bipolar ctDCS montage as well as a small sample size.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7071721 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10020094 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Basic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Background: Systemic inflammation in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been associated with an exacerbation in cognitive decline, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. In AD, intraneuronal hyperphosphorylated tau spreads through the brain via trans-synaptic prion-like propagation. Evidence suggests that propagation of tau pathology is linked to neuroinflammation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluating iron deposition in gray matter nuclei of patients with acute ischemic stroke using quantitative susceptibility mapping.
Front Neurol
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Zigong First People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China.
Article Synopsis
- This study aimed to analyze brain iron changes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) to assist with early diagnosis and treatment.
- A total of 34 AIS patients and 30 healthy controls underwent QSM and conventional MRI, revealing significant increases in susceptibility values in specific brain regions (bilateral caudate nucleus and putamen) in AIS patients compared to controls.
- The study found that the highest diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing AIS from healthy individuals was 72.2%, while factors like smoking showed a notable correlation with increased susceptibility values, although overall clinical scores didn't significantly correlate with iron changes.
Abnormalities in brain magnetic resonance imaging associated with vigabatrin therapy in an infant with infantile epileptic spasms syndrome.
Clin Toxicol (Phila)
December 2024
Department of Neuroradiology, Unidade Local de Saúde de Santa Maria, Lisboa, Portugal.
Introduction: Vigabatrin, an anticonvulsant drug used for refractory epilepsy and as first-line treatment for infantile epileptic spasms syndrome, can rarely cause brain abnormalities detectable on magnetic resonance imaging. These complications, potentially related to dose, young age, and concomitant high doses of adrenocorticotropic hormone and/or prednisolone, can lead to neurological symptoms. Upon withdrawal or dose reduction, symptoms and imaging changes tend to resolve.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAged mice show a reduction in 5-HT neurons and decreased cellular activation in the dentate gyrus when exposed to acute running.
Brain Struct Funct
December 2024
Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Neurobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
Serotonin (5-HT) is an important neurotransmitter for cognition and neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG), which occurs via movement stimulation such as physical activity. Brain 5-HT function changes secondary to aging require further investigation. We evaluated whether aged animals would present changes in the number of 5-HT neurons in regions such as the dorsal (DRN) and median (MRN) raphe nuclei and possible changes in the rate of cellular activation in the DG in response to acute running, as a reduction in 5-HT neurons could contribute to a decline in neuronal activation in the DG in response to physical activity in aged mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRaphe and ventrolateral medulla proteomics in sudden unexplained death in childhood with febrile seizure history.
Acta Neuropathol
November 2024
Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Sudden unexplained death in childhood (SUDC) is death of a child ≥ 12 months old that is unexplained after autopsy and detailed analyses. Among SUDC cases, ~ 30% have febrile seizure (FS) history, versus 2-5% in the general population. SUDC cases share features with sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), in which brainstem autonomic dysfunction is implicated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!