An analysis of the emerging patent landscape of gene therapies under development, focusing on non-viral vectors.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41587-019-0402-x | DOI Listing |
J Immunother Cancer
January 2025
Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Objectives: Multiplex immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence (mIHC/IF) are emerging technologies that can be used to help define complex immunophenotypes in tissue, quantify immune cell subsets, and assess the spatial arrangement of marker expression. mIHC/IF assays require concerted efforts to optimize and validate the multiplex staining protocols prior to their application on slides. The best practice guidelines for staining and validation of mIHC/IF assays across platforms were previously published by this task force.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurg Neurol Int
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Background: Causes of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea could be divided into primary (spontaneous) and secondary (head trauma and iatrogenic). Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) has emerged as a cause for spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea but is still underestimated, may be overlooked and needs special consideration in management. The objective of this study is to demonstrate spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea as the primary presentation of IIH and explore the algorithm of management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther
January 2025
Transfusion of platelet concentrates (PC) can be a life-saving measure in case of severe thrombocytopenia or thrombocytopathy, particularly in bleeding patients. Although acaryote, platelets are involved in several important functions including immunomodulation, but their most important function is in primary and secondary haemostasis. In this German review, apheresis and whole blood derived PC are compared and indications as well as transfusion triggers and dosage of PC are discussed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Rev Immunol
January 2025
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signalling pathway, which recognizes both pathogen DNA and host-derived DNA, has emerged as a crucial component of the innate immune system, having important roles in antimicrobial defence, inflammatory disease, ageing, autoimmunity and cancer. Recent work suggests that the regulation of cGAS-STING signalling is complex and sophisticated. In this Review, we describe recent insights from structural studies that have helped to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the cGAS-STING signalling cascade and we discuss how the cGAS-STING pathway is regulated by both activating and inhibitory factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
The emergence of insecticide resistance has increased the need for alternative pest management tools. Numerous genetic biocontrol approaches, which involve the release of genetically modified organisms to control pest populations, are in various stages of development to provide highly targeted pest control. However, all current mating-based genetic biocontrol technologies function by releasing engineered males which skew sex-ratios or reduce offspring viability in subsequent generations which leaves mated females to continue to cause harm (e.
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