AI Article Synopsis
- Fast isochoric laser heating is a method that uses extremely high-intensity laser pulses to create ultrahigh-energy-density states in matter.
- Researchers successfully heated a compressed dense plasma core using a petawatt laser and strong magnetic fields, reaching an experimental UHED state of 2.2 PPa with much less energy than traditional methods.
- Simulations showed that efficient heating occurs through diffusion from the laser-plasma interaction zone to the dense plasma, highlighting its importance in achieving these UHED conditions.
Article Abstract
Fast isochoric laser heating is a scheme to heat matter with a relativistic intensity (>10^{18} W/cm^{2}) laser pulse for producing an ultrahigh-energy-density (UHED) state. We have demonstrated an efficient fast isochoric heating of a compressed dense plasma core with a multipicosecond kilojoule-class petawatt laser and an assistance of externally applied kilotesla magnetic fields for guiding fast electrons to the dense plasma. A UHED state of 2.2 PPa is achieved experimentally with 4.6 kJ of total laser energy that is one order of magnitude lower than the energy used in the conventional implosion scheme. A two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation confirmed that diffusive heating from a laser-plasma interaction zone to the dense plasma plays an essential role to the efficient creation of the UHED state.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.035001 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Muscle-like hydrogels with fast isochoric responses and their applications as soft robots: a minireview.
Mater Horiz
November 2024
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Article Synopsis
- Hydrogels are gaining attention for use in artificial muscles and soft robots due to their high water content and responsiveness to stimuli, but traditional hydrogels respond slowly and isotropically, unlike real muscles.
- New strategies have led to the creation of muscle-like hydrogels featuring oriented nanosheets, enabling them to respond quickly and directionally to changes in temperature through electrostatic repulsion.
- This review covers the synthesis and mechanisms of these advanced hydrogels, their applications in soft robotics, and outlines potential future challenges and opportunities in the field.
Accelerated convergence via adiabatic sampling for adsorption and desorption processes.
J Chem Phys
September 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, USA.
Under isothermal conditions, phase transitions occur through a nucleation event when conditions are sufficiently close to coexistence. The formation of a nucleus of the new phase requires the system to overcome a free energy barrier of formation, whose height rapidly rises as supersaturation decreases. This phenomenon occurs both in the bulk and under confinement and leads to a very slow kinetics for the transition, ultimately resulting in hysteresis, where the system can remain in a metastable state for a long time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEngineering a polyvinyl butyral hydrogel as a thermochromic interlayer for energy-saving windows.
Mater Horiz
July 2024
School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
Achieving mastery over light using thermochromic materials is crucial for energy-saving glazing. However, challenges such as high production costs, limited durability, and recyclability issues have hindered their widespread application in buildings. Herein, we develop a glass interlayer made of a polyvinyl butyral-based hydrogel swollen with LiCl solution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImproved ion heating in fast ignition by pulse shaping.
Phys Rev E
October 2023
Department of Astrophysical Sciences and Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA.
The fast ignition paradigm for inertial fusion offers increased gain and tolerance of asymmetry by compressing fuel at low entropy and then quickly igniting a small region. Because this hot spot rapidly disassembles, the ions must be heated to ignition temperature as quickly as possible, but most ignitor designs directly heat electrons. A constant-power ignitor pulse, which is generally assumed, is suboptimal for coupling energy from electrons to ions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltrafast time-resolved 2D imaging of laser-driven fast electron transport in solid density matter using an x-ray free electron laser.
Rev Sci Instrum
March 2023
Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan.
High-power, short-pulse laser-driven fast electrons can rapidly heat and ionize a high-density target before it hydrodynamically expands. The transport of such electrons within a solid target has been studied using two-dimensional (2D) imaging of electron-induced Kα radiation. However, it is currently limited to no or picosecond scale temporal resolutions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!