Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 143
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 143
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
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Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3098
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Attempt to read property "Count" on bool
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 3100
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3100
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
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Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
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Function: require_once
BACKGROUND The main cause of mortality among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is cardiovascular disease (CVD). Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is considered to be novel cardiovascular risk factor. We assessed EAT in non-dialyzed stage 5 CKD patients and explored the association of EAT with body composition as determined by multi-frequency BIA. MATERIAL AND METHODS The present included 70 stage 5 CKD patients who had not undergone dialysis and 40 healthy control subjects. EAT thickness was assessed by echocardiography. Hydration status and body composition were evaluated by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. RESULTS Stage 5 CKD patients had significantly higher EAT thickness than healthy subjects (6.56±1.18 vs. 4.05±1.45, p<0.001). Fat tissue mass, systolic blood pressure (SBP), age, fat tissue index, and body mass index were positively correlated with EAT thickness in the CKD patient group (p<0.05). Lean tissue mass, lean tissue index (LTI), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were negatively correlated with EAT thickness in the CKD patient group (p<0.05). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that age, SBP, and LTI were independently associated with EAT thickness in CKD patients. CONCLUSIONS We found significantly higher EAT thickness in stage 5 CKD patients who were not on dialysis compared to healthy controls. EAT was significantly associated with age, SBP, and LTI in CKD patients. Interventions to reduce the risk factors associated with EAT thickness might protect against CVD disease in CKD patients.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7020765 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/MSM.920233 | DOI Listing |
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