Refugia-based strategies are intended to help slow the development of anthelmintic resistance by providing a population of parasites that are not exposed to the treatment. Evidence from field studies is lacking. There is no single way to incorporate refugia into a parasite control program. There are many options available varying greatly in complexity and practicality, and none are suitable for all situations. Incorporating refugia into production systems typically requires a change in farmer mindset and greater input of time, labor, and/or technology, but is necessary to help preserve anthelmintic efficacy and promote sustainable animal production systems.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2019.11.003 | DOI Listing |
Vet Parasitol
July 2023
Professional Beef Services, LLC, Canton, MO 63435, USA.
Refugia-based strategies associated with a combination of anthelmintic drugs belonging to different drug classes are becoming more common management practices to mitigate anthelmintic resistance (AR) in gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) in small ruminants. Though refugia-based strategies have been largely demonstrated in small ruminants, cattle veterinarians and producers are considering such management strategies in grazing cattle production systems. Implementing refugia-based strategies lowers the amount of anthelmintics used in the herd and therefore slows the progression of AR by allowing a proportion of worms to escape drug selection pressure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConserv Biol
August 2023
Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
Refugia-based conservation offers long-term effectiveness and minimize uncertainty on strategies for climate change adaptation. We used distribution modelling to identify climate change refugia for 617 terrestrial mammals and to quantify the role of protected areas (PAs) in providing refugia across South America. To do so, we compared species potential distribution across different scenarios of climate change, highlighting those regions likely to retain suitable climatic conditions by year 2090, and explored the proportion of refugia inside PAs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Parasitol
December 2021
Brown Besier Parasitology, Albany, WA 6330, Australia.
This review article provides an historical perspective on some of the major research advances of relevance to ruminant livestock gastrointestinal nematode control over the last 50 years. Over this period, gastrointestinal nematode control has been dominated by the use of broad-spectrum anthelmintic drugs. Whilst this has provided unprecedented levels of successful control for many years, this approach has been gradually breaking down for more than two decades and is increasingly unsustainable which is due, at least in part, to the emergence of anthelmintic drug resistance and a number of other factors discussed in this article.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConserv Biol
June 2022
Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
A central tenet of landscape ecology is that mobile species depend on complementary habitats, which are insufficient in isolation, but combine to support animals through the full annual cycle. However, incorporating the dynamic needs of mobile species into conservation strategies remains a challenge, particularly in the context of climate adaptation planning. For cold-water fishes, it is widely assumed that maximum temperatures are limiting and that summer data alone can predict refugia and population persistence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract
March 2020
Disease Control, Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0PZ, Scotland.
Refugia-based strategies are intended to help slow the development of anthelmintic resistance by providing a population of parasites that are not exposed to the treatment. Evidence from field studies is lacking. There is no single way to incorporate refugia into a parasite control program.
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