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Donation after circulatory death (DCD) could improve donor heart availability; however, warm ischemia-reperfusion injury raises concerns about graft quality. Mechanical postconditioning (MPC) may limit injury, but mechanisms remain incompletely characterized. Therefore, we investigated the roles of glucose metabolism and key signaling molecules in MPC using an isolated rat heart model of DCD. Hearts underwent 20 minutes perfusion, 30 minutes global ischemia, and 60 minutes reperfusion with or without MPC (two cycles: 30 seconds reperfusion-30 seconds ischemia). Despite identical perfusion conditions, MPC either significantly decreased (low recovery = LoR; 32 ± 5%; < 0.05), or increased (high recovery = HiR; 59 ± 7%; < 0.05) the recovery of left ventricular work compared with no MPC (47 ± 9%). Glucose uptake and glycolysis were increased in HiR vs. LoR hearts ( < 0.05), but glucose oxidation was unchanged. Furthermore, in HiR vs. LoR hearts, phosphorylation of raptor, a downstream target of AMPK, increased ( < 0.05), cytochrome c release ( < 0.05) decreased, and TNFα content tended to decrease. Increased glucose uptake and glycolysis, lower mitochondrial damage, and a trend towards decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines occurred specifically in HiR vs. LoR MPC hearts, which may result from greater AMPK activation. Thus, we identify endogenous cellular mechanisms that occur specifically with cardioprotective MPC, which could be elicited in the development of effective reperfusion strategies for DCD cardiac grafts.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21030964 | DOI Listing |
Front Cardiovasc Med
July 2022
Unit of Translational Critical Care Medicine, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
Introduction: Primary mitral valve regurgitation (MR) results from degeneration of mitral valve apparatus. Mechanisms leading to incomplete postoperative left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling (Rev-Rem) despite timely and successful surgical mitral valve repair (MVR) remain unknown. Plasma exosomes (pEXOs) are smallest nanovesicles exerting early postoperative cardioprotection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Alcohol Depend
November 2021
Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Kentucky University, 1 Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, KY 41099, USA.
Background: Excessive risk taking is a characteristic trait of several psychiatric conditions, including substance use disorders. High risk-taking (HiR) rats self-administer more cocaine compared to low risk-taking (LoR) rats. However, research has not determined if risk taking is associated with enhanced cocaine conditioned place preference (CPP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Environ Res Public Health
March 2020
Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (VIV), 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland.
Decreases in aerobic fitness during military operations have been observed in several studies. Thus, differences in training adaptations during a 6-month crisis-management operation were compared by using the change in endurance performance as the outcome measure. Sixty-six male soldiers volunteered for the study, consisting of pre-post assessments of blood biomarkers, body composition, physical performance, and the military simulation test (MST) performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2020
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
Donation after circulatory death (DCD) could improve donor heart availability; however, warm ischemia-reperfusion injury raises concerns about graft quality. Mechanical postconditioning (MPC) may limit injury, but mechanisms remain incompletely characterized. Therefore, we investigated the roles of glucose metabolism and key signaling molecules in MPC using an isolated rat heart model of DCD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Surg
December 2020
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare stage II/III rectal cancers with or without high-risk factors, and evaluate the effect of neoadjuvant radiotherapy (NRT) in these 2 cohorts.
Background: NRT is often used in stage II/III rectal cancers to improve local control, while not affecting overall survival. However, good-quality surgery without NRT may also achieve good local control in selected patients.
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