(Reprinted with permission from Am J Psychiatry 2015; 172:52-58).

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6996075PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.focus.17106DOI Listing

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The acute effect of bitemporal electroconvulsive therapy on synchronous changes in heart rate variability and heart rate in patients with depression.

Physiol Meas

January 2025

The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.28 west Xianning Rd, Xi'an, 710049, CHINA.

The transient autonomic nervous system responses induced by electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may serve as critical indicators of treatment efficacy and potential side effects; however, their precise characteristics remains unclear. Considering that the intense stimulation of ECT may disrupt the typical antagonistic relationship between the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, this study aims to conduct a meticulous analysis of the rapid changes in heart rate variability and heart rate during ECT, with a particular focus on their synchronized interplay. Methods: Pulse interval sequences were collected from fifty sessions of bitemporal ECT administered to twenty-seven patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder.

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Purpose Of Review: Over the last quarter century, the clinical evidence surrounding the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has expanded. This review provides the most up-to-date findings on the usage of ECT in ASD and discusses these results within the historical context and direct patient care experience.

Recent Findings: ECT is typically implemented for psychotropic-refractory catatonic, affective, psychotic, and combined pathology for individuals across the lifespan.

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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and magnetic seizure therapy (MST) are effective in the treatment of medication-resistant depression. Determining the stimulus frequency resulting in the lowest seizure threshold could produce fewer adverse effects by reducing the overall stimulus intensity. To determine the optimal frequency for seizure induction, four male rhesus macaques were titrated with an increasing number of pulses at fixed frequencies ranging from 5 to 240 pulses per second (pps) using ultrabrief-pulse right-unilateral ECT and circular-coil-on-vertex MST.

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New Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (NORSE) is a rare and severe condition characterized by refractory seizures in individuals without a prior history of epilepsy. This case report describes a 37-year-old woman diagnosed with anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (anti-GAD65) antibody-positive encephalitis-related NORSE. Her seizures were refractory to multiple interventions, including anti-seizure medications, anesthetics, immunotherapies, a ketogenic diet, and electroconvulsive therapy.

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