Cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates remain high in medically underserved areas. In this study, we present a low-cost (<$5,000), portable and user-friendly confocal microendoscope, and we report on its clinical use to image precancerous lesions in the cervix. The confocal microendoscope employs digital apertures on a digital light projector and a CMOS sensor to implement line-scanning confocal imaging. Leveraging its versatile programmability, we describe an automated aperture alignment algorithm to ensure clinical ease-of-use and to facilitate technology dissemination in low-resource settings. Imaging performance is then evaluated in and pilot studies; results demonstrate that the confocal microendoscope can enhance visualization of nuclear morphology, contributing to significantly improved recognition of clinically important features for detection of cervical precancer.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6968771 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/BOE.381064 | DOI Listing |
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