Acoustic feedback in hearing aids occurs due to the coupling between the hearing aid loudspeaker and microphones. In order to reduce acoustic feedback, adaptive filters are often used to estimate the feedback path. To increase the convergence speed and decrease the computational complexity of the adaptive algorithms, it has been proposed to split the acoustic feedback path into a time-invariant fixed part and a time-varying variable part. A key question of this approach is how to determine the fixed part. In this paper, two approaches are investigated: (1) a digital filter design approach that makes use of the signals of at least two hearing aid microphones and (2) a defined physical location approach using an electro-acoustic model and the signals of one hearing aid microphone and an additional ear canal microphone. An experimental comparison using measured acoustic feedback paths showed that both approaches enable one to reduce the number of variable part coefficients. It is shown that individualization of the fixed part increases the performance. Furthermore, the two approaches offer solutions for different requirements on the effort to a specific hearing aid design on the one hand and the effort during the hearing aid fitting on the other hand.
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