Objective: To investigate the association of genetic markers in and with craniofacial measurements.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Setting: School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo.
Participants: A total of 146 biologically unrelated, self-reported Caucasian Brazilians with no syndromic conditions were included.
Methods: Sagittal and vertical measurements (ANB, S-N, Ptm'-A', Co-Gn, Go-Pg, N-Me, ANS-Me, S-Go and Co-Go) from lateral cephalograms were examined for craniofacial evaluation. DNA was extracted from saliva and genetic markers in (rs2234693 and rs9340799) and in (rs1256049 and rs4986938) were analysed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was evaluated using the Chi-square test within each marker. The associations between craniofacial dimensions and genotypes were analysed by linear regression and adjusted by sex and age. The established alpha was 5%.
Results: Individuals carrying CC in rs2234693 had a decrease of -3.146 mm in ANS-Me ( = 0.044). In addition, rs4986938 in was associated with S-N measurement ( = 0.009/ ß = -3.465). This marker was also associated with Go-Pg measurement, in which the CC genotype had a decrease of -3.925 mm in the length of the mandibular body ( = 0.043).
Conclusion: The present study suggests that in and are markers for variations in the craniofacial dimensions. However, further research should confirm the results.
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