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Clinical studies of blood-borne Extracellular vesicles in psychiatry: A systematic review.
J Psychiatr Res
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Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0379, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department for Mechanical, Electronics and Chemical Engineering, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.
Biomarkers for the diagnosis and clinical management of psychiatric disorders are currently lacking. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), lipid membrane-encapsulated vesicles released by cells, hold promise as a source of biomarkers due to their ability to carry molecules that reflect the status of their donor cells and their ubiquitous presence in biofluids. This review examines the literature on EVs in biofluids from psychiatric disorder patients, and discuss how the published studies contribute to our understanding of the pathophysiology of these conditions and to the discovery of potential biomarkers.
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Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
Background: The inheritance of the short allele, encoding the serotonin transporter (SERT) in humans, increases susceptibility to neuropsychiatric and metabolic disorders, with aging and female sex further exacerbating these conditions. Both central and peripheral mechanisms of the compromised serotonin (5-HT) system play crucial roles in this context. Previous studies on SERT-deficient (Sert) mice, which model human SERT deficiency, have demonstrated emotional and metabolic disturbances, exacerbated by exposure to a high-fat Western diet (WD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCalcium Chloride vs. Mechanical Preparation of Fibrinogen-Depleted Human Platelet Lysate: Implications for Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Culture.
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Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.
Fetal bovine serum (FBS) has long been the standard supplement in cell culture media, providing essential growth factors and proteins that support cell growth and differentiation. However, ethical concerns and rising costs associated with FBS have driven researchers to explore alternatives, particularly human platelet lysate (HPL). Among these alternatives, fibrinogen-depleted HPL (FD-HPL) has gained attention due to its reduced thrombogenicity, which minimizes the risk of clot formation in cell cultures and enhances the safety of therapeutic applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNesfatin-1 Neurons in the Ventral Premammillary Nucleus Integrate Metabolic and Reproductive Signals in Male Rats.
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Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology and In Situ Hybridization, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, H1094 Budapest, Hungary.
The ability to reproduce depends on metabolic status. In rodents, the ventral premammillary nucleus (PMv) integrates metabolic and reproductive signals. While leptin (adiposity-related) signaling in the PMv is critical for female fertility, male reproductive functions are strongly influenced by glucose homeostasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroprotective Effects of VEGF-B in a Murine Model of Aggressive Neuronal Loss with Childhood Onset.
Int J Mol Sci
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Laboratory of Neuronal Plasticity and Neurorepair, Institute of Neuroscience of Castile and Leon (INCyL), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
In recent decades, the scientific community has faced a major challenge in the search for new therapies that can slow down or alleviate the process of neuronal death that accompanies neurodegenerative diseases. This study aimed to identify an effective therapy using neurotrophic factors to delay the rapid and aggressive cerebellar degeneration experienced by the Purkinje Cell Degeneration (PCD) mouse, a model of childhood-onset neurodegeneration with cerebellar atrophy (CONDCA). Initially, we analyzed the changes in the expression of several neurotrophic factors related to the degenerative process itself, identifying changes in insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor B (VEGF-B) in the affected animals.
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