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Assessment of the effects of cannabidiol and a CBD-rich hemp extract in .
Front Toxicol
October 2024
Division of Toxicology, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, United States Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, MD, United States.
Consumer use of cannabidiol (CBD) is growing, but there are still data gaps regarding its possible adverse effects on reproduction and development. Multiple pathways and signaling cascades involved in organismal development and neuronal function, including endocannabinoid synthesis and signaling systems, are well conserved across phyla, suggesting that can model the effects of exogenous cannabinoids. The effects in on oxidative stress response (OxStrR), developmental timing, juvenile and adult spontaneous locomotor activity, reproductive output, and organismal CBD concentrations were assessed after exposure to purified CBD or a hemp extract suspended in 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStrengths and limitations of the worm development and activity test (wDAT) as a chemical screening tool for developmental hazards.
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
November 2024
Division of Toxicology, Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, MD, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The worm Development and Activity Test (wDAT) uses the model organism C. elegans to assess developmental milestones and spontaneous locomotor activity, identifying impacts of various toxicants like arsenic and lead.
- The wDAT found that certain teratogenic chemicals (5-fluorouracil, hydroxyurea, and ribavirin) caused developmental delays and altered activity levels in C. elegans, paralleling mammalian development impacts.
- While the wDAT shows promise for recognizing developmental toxicants, further studies with more controls are needed to enhance its reliability and effectiveness for broader toxicity assessments.
Using ACGME General Surgery Milestones to Define the Competent Foundational Surgical Resident.
J Surg Educ
July 2024
Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
Article Synopsis
- - The study aimed to define a "well-prepared foundational resident" in surgical training using the ACGME General Surgery Milestones as a guide.
- - Participants included faculty and residents who evaluated competence levels at the end of PGY1, leading to the identification of key competencies and scoring gaps between residents and faculty.
- - Results showed notable differences in scores for Practice-Based Learning and Interpersonal Communication between residents and faculty, ultimately leading to the establishment of clear competency standards within the residency program.
Helicobacter pylori Infection: A 40-Year Journey through Shifting the Paradigm to Transforming the Management.
Dig Dis
July 2024
Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute and Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) was discovered 40 years ago and has set a milestone in human medicine. The discovery led to rejection of the dogma of the acidic stomach as a sterile organ and requested to rewrite the chapters on gastric pathophysiology and gastroduodenal diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn Update to Novel Therapeutic Options for Combating Tuberculosis: Challenges and Future Prospectives.
Curr Pharm Biotechnol
September 2024
Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
Drug repurposing is an ongoing and clever strategy that is being developed to eradicate tuberculosis amid challenges, of which one of the major challenges is the resistance developed towards antibiotics used in standard directly observed treatment, short-course regimen. Surpassing the challenges in developing anti-tuberculous drugs, some novel host-directed therapies, repurposed drugs, and drugs with novel targets are being studied, and few are being approved too. After almost 4 decades since the approval of rifampicin as a potent drug for drugsusceptible tuberculosis, the first drug to be approved for drug-resistant tuberculosis is bedaquiline.
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