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Is it still autism? The increasing broadening of the autism spectrum.
Autism Res
December 2024
Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, UCL Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, London, UK.
Clinical significance of a broad autism phenotype (BAP) seems to be increasingly supported by growing reports of high prevalence of subthreshold autism spectrum disorder (sASD) or autistic traits (AT) in various demographic samples, particularly in individuals with psychiatric conditions. We question this increasing extension of the autism spectrum and its potential negative consequences for clinical services, research, cultural attitudes, and resource allocation, as well as alternative explanations of what is currently attributed to sASD and AT. In modern psychiatry the diagnostic threshold is paramount and associated with a significant impairment of functioning, implying that symptom specificity is more relevant than sensitivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExamining relationships among NODDI indices of white matter structure in prefrontal cortical-thalamic-striatal circuitry and OCD symptomatology.
Transl Psychiatry
October 2024
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a psychiatric disorder characterized by intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors. There are two prominent features: Harm Avoidance (HA) and Incompleteness (INC). Previous resting-state studies reported abnormally elevated connectivity between prefrontal cortical (PFC) and subcortical regions (thalamus, striatum) in OCD participants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA prospective longitudinal investigation of the trajectory of obsessive-compulsive symptoms during adolescence.
Psychiatry Res
November 2024
Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) increase with age during childhood and adolescence, and subthreshold OCS in childhood associate with a higher probability of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) diagnosis in adulthood. Additionally, average age of onset for OCD is in adolescence, with the majority of OCD cases emerging by early adulthood. Despite these trends, the specific course of OCS development in adolescence is relatively unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOverlap of obsessive compulsive and psychosis risk symptoms in a specialized clinic.
Early Interv Psychiatry
July 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Aim: Psychotic disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) commonly co-occur. Likewise, subthreshold psychosis symptoms (clinical high risk for psychosis; CHR) and obsessive compulsive symptoms (OCS) often overlap and may be difficult to differentiate. This study aimed to replicate research investigating the prevalence of OCD in a CHR clinic sample, validate and investigate factor structure of a self-report OCS measure in a CHR sample, explore how OCS may relate to CHR and co-occurring symptoms, and investigate whether real-world CHR treatment improves OCS and CHR symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInternet-based acceptance and commitment therapy for obsessive-compulsive symptoms: A randomized controlled trial.
Behav Res Ther
September 2024
BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, 770 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia; Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) & D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address:
Subthreshold obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) are associated with increased distress, help seeking behaviours, and functional problems, and may predict progression into further mental health problems. This study investigated the effectiveness of a four-module internet-based acceptance and commitment therapy (iACT) for adults with OCS compared to internet-based progressive relaxation training (iPRT). Eighty-nine adults with OCS participated in a single-blinded randomised controlled trial of iACT or iPRT.
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