Diagnostics of sporadic creutzfeldt-jakob disease – literature review.

Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) is the most common spongiform encephalopathy caused by protein infectious agents called prions. Despite the lack of known treatment which would cure or at least slow down the progression of the disease, its proper diagnosis is extremely important, because of the large group of diseases that may imitate its course and for which a causal / symptomatic treatment has already been developed. The main problem that prevents the differential diagnosis is the lack of a commonly available and non-invasive procedure for antemortem finding the pathological PrPSc protein in a patient’s nervous system. In addition, the current WHO criteria are outdated and need to be updated due to the emergence of new diagnostic methods since their publication. The aim of this study is to collect the latest trends in the diagnosis of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, to draw attention to the need for careful differential diagnosis in patients with suspected sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and to verify the current criteria for its diagnosis and update.