AI Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to compare levels of immunoglobulins in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of neonates exposed to the Zika virus during pregnancy with those of healthy control neonates.
- Sixteen neonates with maternal Zika virus symptoms were identified as cases, and thirteen control neonates without central nervous system issues were selected; CSF immunoglobulin levels were measured.
- Results showed significantly higher IgM, IgA, IgG, IgK, and IgL levels in the Zika-exposed neonates, with half of these infants having congenital microcephaly and exhibiting the highest elevations in IgM and IgA.
Article Abstract
Objective: To compare immunoglobulin levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of neonates exposed to Zika virus (ZIKV) during foetal life (cases) with levels in CSF of control neonates.
Methods: We identified 16 neonates who underwent lumbar puncture (LP), during the ZIKV epidemic (December/2015 to March/2016) whose mothers reported ZIKV clinical symptoms during gestation (cases). Congenital microcephaly was defined as head circumference ≤31.9 cm (boys) and ≤31.5 cm (girls) for term neonates, or ≤2 standard deviations below the mean for premature (<37 weeks) neonates. Subsequently, we identified neonates who underwent LP in the same lab and fulfilled criteria to be controls: age ≤4 days, CSF white blood cell count ≤8/mm, CSF protein ≤132 mg/dL, CSF red blood cell count ≤1,000/mm, neither central nervous system illness, nor congenital infection, nor microcephaly. CSF immunoglobulin concentrations were measured by mass spectrometry.
Results: 13 controls were included. IgM, IgA, IgG, IgK, and IgL were significantly higher among cases (p < 0.001). Eight (50%) ZIKV exposed infants had congenital microcephaly. These showed the strongest immunoglobulin elevation of the IgM and IgA classes.
Conclusion: Neonates exposed to ZIKV infection during gestation present with elevated distinct immunoglobulins in CSF, both in cases that developed microcephaly and in cases that did not.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.01.006 | DOI Listing |
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