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End-to-end deep-learning model for the detection of coronary artery stenosis on coronary CT images.
Open Heart
January 2025
Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Purpose: We examined whether end-to-end deep-learning models could detect moderate (≥50%) or severe (≥70%) stenosis in the left anterior descending artery (LAD), right coronary artery (RCA) or left circumflex artery (LCX) in iodine contrast-enhanced ECG-gated coronary CT angiography (CCTA) scans.
Methods: From a database of 6293 CCTA scans, we used pre-existing curved multiplanar reformations (CMR) images of the LAD, RCA and LCX arteries to create end-to-end deep-learning models for the detection of moderate or severe stenoses. We preprocessed the images by exploiting domain knowledge and employed a transfer learning approach using EfficientNet, ResNet, DenseNet and Inception-ResNet, with a class-weighted strategy optimised through cross-validation.
Optimisation of activated carbon from fruit stones and shells derived via molten salt activation for dye removal.
Bioresour Technol
January 2025
Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
Recent advancements in activated carbon production involve molten salt activation using a eutectic mixture of ZnCl-NaCl-KCl. This study explores the production of activated carbon from fruit waste, specifically walnut shells, using a 60:20:20 mol % eutectic mixture. Optimal conditions were identified through response surface methodology, with 400 °C and a salt-to-biomass ratio of 10 g/g, yielding a surface area of 276 m/g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMulti-energy CT and iodinated contrast.
Radiologia (Engl Ed)
October 2024
Departamento de Radiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
Spectral CT acquires images with the emission or detection of two separate energy spectra. This enables material decomposition due to the photoelectric effect (prevalent in low-energy photons) and Compton scattering (prevalent in high-energy photons). Iodine and other materials with high atomic numbers appear more hyperdense on low-energy monoenergetic images because of the direct relation between the photoelectric effect and the Z value.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimising the use of iodinated contrast agents in CT scans: Vascular, visceral, multiphasic and split-bolus examinations.
Radiologia (Engl Ed)
October 2024
Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.
Iodinated contrast is administered when carrying out computed tomography (CT) scans to define anatomical structures and detect pathologies. The contrast is administered according to different protocols which vary significantly and include vascular, visceral, multiphasic and split-bolus injection studies. Each protocol has its own indications and particularities to optimise the use of the contrast medium in each situation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRSM-CCD design of volcanic ash/ rice husk ash based phosphate geopolymer for crystal violet adsorption: kinetics and isotherms.
Sci Rep
November 2024
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, P.O. Box 24175, Douala, Cameroon.
In this work, the application of central composite design (CCD) was used to optimise the synthesis of volcanic ash/ rice husk ash-based phosphate geopolymers. The effects of three factors namely, volcanic ash fraction, rice husk ash fraction and phosphoric acid concentration on porosity structure were investigated based on methylene blue index and iodine index as response variables. At optimized conditions of 3.
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