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Application of deep learning in automated localization and interpretation of coronary artery calcification in oncological PET/CT scans.
Int J Cardiovasc Imaging
January 2025
Artificial Intelligence Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a key marker of coronary artery disease (CAD) but is often underreported in cancer patients undergoing non-gated CT or PET/CT scans. Traditional CAC assessment requires gated CT scans, leading to increased radiation exposure and the need for specialized personnel. This study aims to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) method to automatically detect CAC from non-gated, freely-breathing, low-dose CT images obtained from positron emission tomography/computed tomography scans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReal-Time 2D Phase-Contrast MRI to Assess Cardiac- and Respiratory-Driven CSF Movement in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.
J Neuroimaging
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Background And Purpose: In idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) patients, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow is typically evaluated with a cardiac-gated two-dimensional (2D) phase-contrast (PC) MRI through the cerebral aqueduct. This approach is limited by the evaluation of a single location and does not account for respiration effects on flow. In this study, we quantified the cardiac and respiratory contributions to CSF movement at multiple intracranial locations using a real-time 2D PC-MRI and evaluated the diagnostic value of CSF dynamics biomarkers in classifying iNPH patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFeasibility of volumetric-modulated arc therapy gating for cardiac radioablation using real-time ECG signal acquisition and a dynamic phantom.
Med Phys
December 2024
Department of Physics, The Verspeeten Family Cancer Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.
Background: Stereotactic arrythmia radioablation (STAR) is a noninvasive technique to treat ventricular tachycardia (VT). Management of cardiorespiratory motion plays an essential role in VT-STAR treatments to improve treatment outcomes by reducing positional uncertainties and increasing dose conformality. Use of an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, acquired in real-time, as a surrogate to gate the beam has the potential to fulfil that intent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIncidental Coronary Artery Calcification and the Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes.
Cureus
November 2024
Internal Medicine, University of Nevada Reno School of Medicine, Reno, USA.
Background Incidental findings of coronary artery calcifications (CACs) are not consistently reported, and the clinical significance relating to cardiovascular outcomes remains to be established. In this single-center cross-sectional study, we assessed the association between incidental coronary artery calcification documented on formal chest CT reports and the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Methods A MACE was defined as the occurrence of stroke or transient ischemic attack or ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, or undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpiral cardiac quantitative susceptibility mapping for differential cardiac chamber oxygenation-Initial validation in relation to invasive blood sampling.
Magn Reson Med
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Purpose: To develop a breath-hold cardiac quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) sequence for noninvasive measurement of differential cardiac chamber blood oxygen saturation (ΔSO).
Methods: A non-gated three-dimensional stack-of-spirals QSM sequence was implemented to continuously sample the data throughout the cardiac cycle. Measurements of ΔSO between the right and left heart chamber obtained by the proposed sequence and a previously validated navigator Cartesian QSM sequence were compared in three cohorts consisting of healthy volunteers, coronavirus disease 2019 survivors, and patients with pulmonary hypertension.
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