The action of methylamide-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate (1), glycinamide-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate methyl ester (2), leucinamide-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate methyl ester (3) on evoked activity of hippocampal neurons was investigated using brain slice technique. Both 1 and 2 application (5 mkM, 15 min) reduced paired-pulse inhibition (PPI). Single-pulse and frequency stimulation revealed population spike (PS) increase or generation of additional PS after 1 or 2 application, the former drug being more active at all stimulation patterns. 3 had no definitive activity in the test-system used. The data obtained suggest similarity of pharmacological profiles of 1 and 2, and anxiogenic activity of 2 in vivo.
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J Sport Health Sci
January 2025
School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup WA 6027, Australia.
Background: While muscle contractility increases with muscle temperature, there is no consensus on the best warm-up protocol to use before resistance training or sports exercise due to the range of possible warm-up and testing combinations available. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to determine the effects of different warm-up types (active, exercise-based vs. passive) on muscle function tested using different activation methods (voluntary vs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Psychiatry
January 2025
Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, laboratory Neuroscience Paris-Seine, CNRS, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 06 F-75005, Paris, France. Electronic address:
Background: The persistence of cocaine-evoked adaptations relies on gene regulations within the reward circuit, especially in the ventral striatum (i.e., nucleus accumbens (NAc)).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4515 McKinley Ave., St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has dramatically advanced non-invasive human brain mapping and decoding. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) non-invasively measure blood oxygen fluctuations related to brain activity, like fMRI, at the brain surface, using more-lightweight equipment that circumvents ergonomic and logistical limitations of fMRI. HD-DOT grids have smaller inter-optode spacing (~ 13 mm) than sparse fNIRS (~ 30 mm) and therefore provide higher image quality, with spatial resolution ~ 1/2 that of fMRI, when using the several source-detector distances (13-40 mm) afforded by the HD-DOT grid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Neurophysiol
January 2025
Institute for Research and Development on Bioengineering and Bioinformatics (IBB), CONICET-UNER, Oro Verde, Argentina; Center for Rehabilitation Engineering and Neuromuscular and Sensory Research (CIRINS), National University of Entre Ríos (UNER), Oro Verde, Argentina. Electronic address:
Objective: To describe the cortical evoked potentials in response to radiofrequency stimulation (RFEPs) in human volunteers.
Methods: Seventeen healthy volunteers participated in an experimental session in which radiofrequency (RF) and electrical (ES) stimulation were applied to the dorsum of the hands and feet. EEG was recorded to evaluate evoked responses for each stimulus modality and stimulation site.
Pflugers Arch
January 2025
Division of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Hyogo Medical University, Hyogo, 663 8501, Japan.
The nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) contains neurons that relay sensory swallowing commands information from the oropharyngeal cavity and swallowing premotor neurons of the dorsal swallowing group (DSG). However, the spatio-temporal dynamics of the interplay between the sensory relay and the DSG is not well understood. Here, we employed fluorescence imaging after microinjection of the calcium indicator into the NTS in an arterially perfused brainstem preparation of rat (n = 8) to investigate neuronal population activity in the NTS in response to superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) stimulation.
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