Objective: The FDA has not approved the use of testosterone in women. However, parenteral testosterone is being used off-label in free standing clinics throughout America. The recent multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA) population study showed that postmenopausal women with a higher testosterone/estradiol ratio had a higher incident of cardiovascular disease. This is a case of a postmenopausal woman who dissected her thoracic aorta after 8 months of parenteral testosterone.
Methods: The clinical examination, radiographic, and laboratory findings of a patient are presented along with a review of the literature.
Results: A heathy postmenopausal women, whose only risk factor was parenteral testosterone, developed a dissection of her entire thoracic aorta.
Conclusion: The MESA study and other conflicting publications on cardiovascular events in transgender patients receiving exogenous androgens indicates the need for further investigation to determine the safety of testosterone therapy for women and its possible role in contributing to aortic disease.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4158/ACCR-2019-0087 | DOI Listing |
Vaccines (Basel)
December 2024
Laboratorio de Vacunas Veterinarias, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas Animales, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, La Pintana, Santiago 8820808, Chile.
Immunization against Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) has been successfully explored and developed for the parenteral inoculation of animals, aimed at controlling fertility, reducing male aggressiveness, and preventing boar taint. Although effective, these vaccines may cause adverse reactions at the injection site, including immunosuppression and inflammation, as well as the involvement of laborious and time-consuming procedures. Oral vaccines represent an advancement in antigen delivery technology in the vaccine industry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContraception
December 2024
R&D Department, Pandora Endocrine Innovation, Bergen, Netherlands. Electronic address:
Essential for hormonal male contraception (HMC) is the inhibition of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), the hormone responsible for spermatogenesis. No drugs exist that can selectively suppress FSH without also inhibiting luteinizing hormone (LH), the hormone responsible for the biosynthesis of testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) in men. The consequences are a loss of T and E2, with the accompanying symptoms and signs of T deficiency and E2 deficiency, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Med
December 2024
Núcleo TransUnifesp (NTU), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
The practice of hormone therapy is crucial in aligning secondary sex characteristics with the gender identity of transgender adults. This study examines the effects of a commonly used injectable hormone combination, specifically estradiol enanthate with dihydroxyprogesterone acetophenide (EEn/DHPA), on serum hormonal levels and self-reported satisfaction with breast development in transwomen. Our research focused on a retrospective longitudinal study involving a large cohort of transwomen evaluated between 2020 and 2022, comprising 101 participants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpert Rev Clin Pharmacol
August 2024
Endocrinology Unit, "Mario Serio" Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Introduction: Testosterone deficiency (TD) is relatively common in aging men, affecting around 2% of the general population. Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) represents the most common medical approach for subjects who are not interested in fathering.
Areas Covered: This review summarizes advances in TRT, including approved or non-approved pharmacological options to overcome TD.
Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev
August 2024
Pumas-AI, Inc, Dover, DE, USA.
Teverelix drug product (DP) is a parenteral gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist that has been successfully tested in phase 2 trials for hormone-sensitive advanced prostate cancer (APC) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). In previous APC trials, teverelix DP was administered as intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous (SC) injections, using a loading dose and (in a single trial) a maintenance dose. Our objective was to derive an optimal dosing regimen for phase 3 clinical development, using a pharmacometrics modeling approach.
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