Functional analyses sometimes do not identify momentary fluctuations in the function of destructive behavior (Bowman, Fisher, Thompson, & Piazza, 1997). In such cases, individuals may mand for the reinforcer that is currently most preferred and display destructive behavior if that mand goes unreinforced. In this study, we conducted a mand analysis to test whether destructive behavior functioned as a precurrent response that increased reinforcement for the participant's mands. We then evaluated a treatment that matched this function of destructive behavior by providing differential or time-based reinforcement of participant mands in accordance with multiple or chained schedules with reinforcement-schedule thinning. Decreases in destructive behavior averaged 97.4% across cases. We discuss these results relative to the importance of matching treatments for destructive behavior to operant functions for both traditional and idiosyncratic functions of destructive behavior.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7702716 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jaba.674 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Super-enhancer Activates Master Transcription Factor NR3C1 Expression and Promotes 5-FU Resistance in Gastric Cancer.
Adv Sci (Weinh)
December 2024
Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
Poor response to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) remains an obstacle in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC). Super enhancers (SEs) are crucial for determining tumor cell survival under drug pressure. SE landscapes related to 5-FU-resistance are mapped to GC using chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-Seq).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessment of Emphysema on X-ray Equivalent Dose Photon-Counting Detector CT: Evaluation of Visual Scoring and Automated Quantification Algorithms.
Invest Radiol
October 2024
From the Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (B.K., F.E., J.K., T.F., L.J.); Advanced Radiology Center, Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Oncological Radiotherapy, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy (C.S., A.R.L.); and Section of Radiology, Department of Radiological and Hematological Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy (A.R.L.).
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of visual scoring, low-attenuation volume (LAV), and deep learning methods for estimating emphysema extent in x-ray dose photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT), aiming to explore future dose reduction potentials.
Methods: One hundred one prospectively enrolled patients underwent noncontrast low- and chest x-ray dose CT scans in the same study using PCD-CT. Overall image quality, sharpness, and noise, as well as visual emphysema pattern (no, trace, mild, moderate, confluent, and advanced destructive emphysema; as defined by the Fleischner Society), were independently assessed by 2 experienced radiologists for low- and x-ray dose images, followed by an expert consensus read.
Impact of Mast Cell Activation on Neurodegeneration: A Potential Role for Gut-Brain Axis and Infection.
Neurol Int
December 2024
Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Background: The innate immune response aims to prevent pathogens from entering the organism and/or to facilitate pathogen clearance. Innate immune cells, such as macrophages, mast cells (MCs), natural killer cells and neutrophils, bear pattern recognition receptors and are thus able to recognize common molecular patterns, such as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), the later occurring in the context of neuroinflammation. An inflammatory component in the pathology of otherwise "primary cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative" disease has recently been recognized and targeted as a means of therapeutic intervention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHippocampus carbonic anhydrase 1 via ERK pathway may be involved in depressive like behaviors.
J Affect Disord
December 2024
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. Electronic address:
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a destructive mental disease, yet the mechanism is still not clear. Carbonic anhydrase, an efficient catalyst for CO conversion to carbonate and protons, could affect many functions, such as memory formation recognition. Lately, we illustrated that carbonic anhydrase 1 (CAR1) knockout (CAR1) mice could lead to depressive-like behaviors, but the underlying molecular mechanism is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBehaviours and drivers of diagnosis-related group upcoding in China: A mixed-methods study.
Soc Sci Med
December 2024
Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. Electronic address:
As a highly destructive gaming behaviour in Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG), upcoding has garnered increasing scholarly attention. This study considers the prevalence, types and risk characteristics of upcoding during the pilot implementation of DRG payments in China, and it also explores the drivers of upcoding and provides corresponding policy recommendations for improving the system. Quantitative research data were sourced from the DRG payment audit database in City Z between the dates of June 1, 2019 and May 31, 2020, encompassing audit results comprising 200 medical records randomly selected from 28 hospitals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!