The aim of this study is to investigate the alterations of interhemispheric functional connectivity in patients with postpartum depression (PPD) during resting state, and their potential correlations with clinical severity. Twenty- eight patients with PPD and twenty-five matched healthy postpartum (HP) women within 4 weeks after delivery were recruited and performed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) scans. Voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC), which is useful for exploring interhemispheric functional connectivity, and has been widely utilized to identify abnormal functional connectivity between the symmetrical brain regions in many diseases, was calculated in the present study, and intergroup VMHC differences in the voxel manner were analyzed. Correlations between VMHC values and clinical variables were also analyzed. Compared with HP, patients with PPD exhibited significantly decreased VMHC values in bilateral dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Furthermore, VMHC values within the dmPFC negatively correlated with the Edinburgh postpartum depression scale (EPDS) score. These findings suggested that functional coordination between several homotopic brain regions were impaired in patients with PPD. This study provided evidences of aberrant interhemispheric connectivity within brain regions involved in the maternal care network in PPD, and may contribute to the further understanding of the neural mechanism underlying PPD.
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