The neonatal gut microbiome undergoes dynamic changes in response to many nutritional and environmental variables. A recent study by Singer et al. in Nature Medicine elucidates several mechanisms to inhibit the expansion of gut-derived pathobionts in a dysbiotic neonatal gut and prevent these pathobionts from disseminating systemically and causing sepsis in neonatal mice.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2019.12.009 | DOI Listing |
NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes
December 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a common complication of pregnancy, which seriously endangers fetal health and still lacks effective therapeutic targets. Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is associated with fetal birth weight, and its membrane vesicles (MVs) are pathogenic vectors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Int
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Tolerance to foreign molecules is primarily induced through three pathways: anergy, active suppression, and clonal deletion. The immaturity of gut functions, including digestion and barrier protection against foreign molecules during early infancy, is closely linked to the induction of tolerance. A significant number of undigested peptides can pass through leaky gut walls during this period, making it an opportune time to introduce active suppression and clonal deletion in the intestine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
December 2024
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
This study investigates how microbiome colonization influences the development of intestinal type 3 immunity in neonates. The results showed that reduced oxygen levels in the small intestine of neonatal rats induced by Saccharomyces boulardii accelerated microbiome colonization and type 3 immunity development, which protected against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection. Microbiome maturation increased the abundance of microbiome-encoded bile salt hydrolase (BSH) genes and hyocholic acid (HCA) levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Infect Microbiol
December 2024
Neonatology Department, Affiliated Shenzhen Children's Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shenzhen, China.
Background: Women with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) are known to experience vaginal microbial dysbiosis. However, the dynamic alterations of the vaginal microbiome in pregnant women with VVC and its effect on neonatal gut microbiome remain unclear. This study aims to characterize the vaginal microbiome in pregnant women with VVC and its impact on their offspring's meconium microbiome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccine
December 2024
Infectious Disease Immunology, Center for Vaccine Research, SSI, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address:
Mucosal secretory IgA (SIgA) produced by subepithelial plasma cells in the lamina propria is the major antigen-specific defense mechanism against mucosal infections. We investigated if a retinoic acid (RA)-containing adjuvant in parenteral immunization, can induce vaccine-specific SIgA in the jejunal lumen in a dose-dependent manner in neonatal pigs immunized with a Chlamydia hybrid antigen. To accurately quantify SIgA responses in mucosal secretions, an antigen-specific ELISA method with secondary detection of porcine secretory component rather than IgA was developed.
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