The morphology, size, and surface area of nanoparticles (NPs), with the existence of functional groups on their surface, contribute to the drug binding affinity, distribution of the payload in different organs, and targeting of a particular tumor for exerting effective antitumor activity in vivo. However, the inherent chemical structure of NPs causing unpredictable biodistribution with a toxic outcome still poses a serious challenge in clinical chemotherapy. In this study, carbonate apatite (CA), citrate-modified CA (CMCA) NPs, and α-ketoglutaric acid-modified CA (α-KAMCA) NPs were employed as carriers of anticancer drugs for antitumor, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological analysis in a murine breast cancer model. The results demonstrated almost five-fold enhanced tumor regression in the cyclophosphamide (CYP)-loaded α-KAMCA NP-treated group compared to the group treated with CYP only. Also, NPs promoted much higher drug accumulation in blood and tumor in comparison with the drug injected without a carrier. In addition, doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded NPs exhibited less accumulation in the heart, indicating less potential myocardial toxicity in mice compared to free DOX. Our findings, thus, conclude that CA, CMCA, and α-KAMCA NPs extended the circulation half-life and enhanced the anticancer effect with reduced toxicity of conventional chemotherapeutics in healthy organs, signifying that they are promising drug delivery devices in breast cancer treatment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12010161 | DOI Listing |
Molecules
December 2024
Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
Mild hypophosphatasia (HPP) can be difficult to distinguish from other bone disorders in the absence of typical symptoms such as the premature loss of primary teeth. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the crystallinity of hydroxyapatite (HAp) and the three-dimensional structure of collagen in HPP teeth at the molecular level and to search for new biomarkers of HPP. Raman spectroscopy was used to investigate the molecular structure, composition, and mechanical properties of primary teeth from healthy individuals and patients with HPP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Pollut
December 2024
Nu Instruments, Wrexham Industrial Estate, 74 Clywedog Road South, Wrexham, LL13 9XS, United Kingdom.
Zinc (Zn) is an essential element for all living organisms, and Zn isotopes play a key role in studying the formation of disease. Despite extensive studies on Zn isotopes in healthy and diseased human tissues, the role of Zn isotopes in urinary stones remains unexplored. This study investigates Zn isotopes in 37 urinary stones using multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Bio Mater
December 2024
Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
Naked siRNAs are sensitive to enzymatic degradation, phagocytic entrapment, quick renal excretion, membrane impermeability, endosomal escape, and off-target effects. Designing a safe and efficient nanocarrier for siRNA delivery to the target site without toxicity remains a significant hurdle in gene therapy. CA is a unique derivative of hydroxyapatite and a highly pH-sensitive nanocarrier with strong particle aggregation and a high polydispersity index.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOral Maxillofac Surg
November 2024
Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate, School 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan.
Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of COAp granules in the mandibular bone defects by using computed tomography (CT) images.
Methods: This study was retrospective case series of mandibular bone defect reconstruction using COAp granules. Six patients with jawbone cysts treated by simultaneous grafting COAp granules after cyst enucleation were enrolled.
J Periodontal Res
October 2024
Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Institute of Science Tokyo 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Aims: This preclinical study aimed to evaluate the periodontal tissue regenerative capacities of poly (lactic acid/caprolactone) (PLCL) bilayer membrane in one-wall intrabony defects in dogs. No study has assessed the efficacy of PLCL bilayer membrane for periodontal regeneration therapy despite the fact that PLCL bilayer membrane has proved efficient for bone regeneration.
Methods: In five beagle dogs, the bilateral mandibular second and fourth premolars were extracted 8 weeks before the experimental surgery.
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