The aim of the study was to investigate the expression of cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) and mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) in cholangiocarcinoma, in addition to evaluating their association with clinicopathologic characteristics and overall survival time. Paraffin-embedded tumor tissues from 128 patients from 3 study centers in Thailand were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. The results demonstrated that positive expression of CD44 was associated with high histologic grade (=0.013), large tumor size (=0.027), lymph node metastasis (=0.037), and distant metastasis (=0.031). MDM2 expression was related to high histologic grade (=0.013), lymph node metastasis (=0.025), and distant metastasis (=0.016). Furthermore, multivariate analyses revealed that combined expression of CD44 and MDM2 was significantly associated with worse overall survival time (OR=1.52; 95% CI=1.04-2.26; =0.041) in patients with cholangiocarcinoma. CD44 and MDM2 significantly indicate poor clinicopathologic outcomes in patients with cholangiocarcinoma.
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