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Differential landscape of immune evasion in oncogenic RAS-driven primary and metastatic colorectal cancers.
Mol Ther Oncol
March 2024
Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Oncogenic drivers significantly alter the tumor inflammatory microenvironment (TIME) in colorectal cancer (CRC), with a focus on identifying differences in immune cell composition between wild-type (WT) and oncogenic mutant (MT) CRC.
- A large analysis of 7,801 CRC specimens revealed distinct immune infiltration patterns, showing higher neutrophil levels and lower B cell levels in microsatellite stable (MSS) MT tumors compared to their WT counterparts, along with notable differences in tumor mutation burden (TMB) and mismatch repair deficiency.
- Overall, findings indicate that mutant CRC tumors exhibit pronounced immunoevasive characteristics, as evidenced by unique patterns of immune cell infiltration related to specific genetic mutations.
A phase 2 study of AZD4635 in combination with durvalumab or oleclumab in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Cancer Immunol Immunother
March 2024
Medical Oncology & Hematology-LHCP, Corewell Health Medical Group, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
Background: Inhibition of the adenosine 2A receptor (AR) diminishes the immunosuppressive effects of adenosine and may complement immune-targeting drugs. This phase 2 study evaluated the AR antagonist AZD4635 in combination with durvalumab or oleclumab in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Methods: Patients with histologically/cytologically confirmed disease progressing within 6 months on ≥ 2 therapy lines were randomly assigned to either Module 1 (AZD4635 + durvalumab) or Module 2 (AZD4635 + oleclumab).
Mortality in non-exacerbating COPD: a longitudinal analysis of UK primary care data.
Thorax
September 2023
National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
Introduction: Non-exacerbating patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are a less studied phenotype. We investigated clinical characteristics, mortality rates and causes of death among non-exacerbating compared with exacerbating patients with COPD.
Methods: We used data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, Hospital Episode Statistics and Office for National Statistics between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2018.
Barriers to effective management of primary postpartum haemorrhage following in-hospital births in northwest Ethiopia: healthcare providers' views using a qualitative approach.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth
October 2022
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Wellington Rd, 3800, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Background: Data showed that postpartum haemorrhage contributed to over 40% of in-hospital deaths of Ethiopian women. However, little is known about the barriers to effective management of primary postpartum haemorrhage. This study aims to explore the views and experiences of maternity healthcare professionals about the barriers to managing primary postpartum haemorrhage following in-hospital births in northwest Ethiopia using the 'Three Delays' model as a conceptual framework.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSocial Risks and Health Care Utilization Among a National Sample of Children With Asthma.
Acad Pediatr
January 2023
Division of Hospital Medicine (J Tyris, J Kulesa, G Dixon, P Bhansali, T Gayle, D Akani, M Magyar, N Tamaskar, and K Parikh), Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC; Department of Pediatrics (J Tyris, J Kulesa, G Dixon, P Bhansali, T Gayle, D Akani, M Magyar, N Tamaskar, and K Parikh), George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC.
Objectives: Prior studies using single-center populations have established associations between social risks and health care utilization among children with asthma. We aimed to evaluate associations between social risks and health care utilization among a nationally representative sample of children with asthma.
Study Design: In this cross-sectional study, we utilized the 2018-2019 National Survey of Children's Health to identify children 2 to 17 years old with asthma.
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