Aim: To validate and implement Monte Carlo simulation using PRIMO code as a tool for checking the credibility of measurements in LINAC initial commissioning and routine Quality Assurance (QA). Relative and absolute doses of 6 MV photon beam from TrueBeam STx Varian Linear Accelerator (LINAC) were simulated and validated with experimental measurement, Analytical Anisotropic Algorithm (AAA) calculation, and golden beam.
Methods And Materials: Varian phase-space files were imported to the PRIMO code and four blocks of jaws were simulated to determine the field size of the photon beam. Water phantom was modeled in the PRIMO code with water equivalent density. Golden beam data, experimental measurement, and AAA calculation results were imported to PRIMO code for gamma comparison.
Results: PRIMO simulations of Percentage Depth Dose (PDD) and in-plane beam profiles had good agreement with experimental measurements, AAA calculations and golden beam. However, PRIMO simulations of cross-plane beam profiles have a better agreement with AAA calculation and golden beam than the experimental measurement. Furthermore, PRIMO simulations of absolute dose agreed well with experimental results with ±0.8% uncertainty.
Conclusion: The PRIMO code has good accuracy and is appropriate for use as a tool to check the credibility of beam scanning and output measurement in initial commissioning and routine QA.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rpor.2019.12.021 | DOI Listing |
Adv Sci (Weinh)
November 2024
Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa.
Polymicrobial biofilms adhere to surfaces and enhance pathogen resistance to conventional treatments, significantly contributing to chronic infections in the respiratory tract, oral cavity, chronic wounds, and on medical devices. This review examines antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as a promising alternative to traditional antibiotics for treating biofilm-associated infections. AMPs, which can be produced as part of the innate immune response or synthesized therapeutically, have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, often disrupting microbial cell membranes and causing cell death.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRep Pract Oncol Radiother
November 2023
LPMR, Mohammed First University, Faculty of Science, Oujda-Angad, Morocco.
Background: The purpose of this research was to establish the primary electron beam characteristics for an Elekta Synergy linear accelerator. In this task, we take advantage of the PRIMO Monte Carlo software, where the model developed contains the majority of the component materials of the Linac.
Materials And Methods: For all energies, the Elekta Linac electron mode and 14 × 14 cm applicator were chosen.
Mol Biochem Parasitol
December 2023
Centro de Parasitologia e Micologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Coordenadoria de Controle de Doenças da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address:
Toxoplasmosis causes serious harm to the fetus, as tachyzoite dissemination, during pregnancy in women developing the primo-infection. The microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs, which have regulatory roles in cells by silencing messenger RNA. Circulating miRNA are promising biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of numerous diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Microbiol Biotechnol
June 2023
Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, C.P. 676, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil.
Fungal colorants are gradually entering the global color market, given their advantages of being less harmful to human health, as well as having greater stability and biotechnological potential, compared to other natural sources. The present work concerns the isolation and identification of an endophytic filamentous fungus, together with the chemical characterization and assessment of the fluorescence, toxicity, stability, and application potential of its synthesized red colorant. The endophytic fungus was isolated from Hymenaea courbaril, a tree from the Brazilian savannah, and was identified as Talaromyces minnesotensis by phenotypic and genotypic characterization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn accordance with Article 43 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005, the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine (DAFM) of Ireland requested EFSA to re-evaluate the acute (short-term) risk for European consumers related to nicotine exposure via residues in rose hips (code 0154050), teas (, 0610000) and capers (0850020) at the level equal to the temporary maximum residue level (tMRL) established in Reg. (EU) 2022/1290 and the tMRL recently voted in the Standing Committee on Plants, Animals, Food and Feed (PAFF Committee). The requestor asked EFSA to perform the calculation with a revised version of EFSA PRIMo rev.
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