Astrocytes provide neurons with essential metabolic and structural support, modulate neuronal circuit activity and may also function as versatile surveyors of brain milieu, tuned to sense conditions of potential metabolic insufficiency. Here we show that astrocytes detect falling cerebral perfusion pressure and activate CNS autonomic sympathetic control circuits to increase systemic arterial blood pressure and heart rate with the purpose of maintaining brain blood flow and oxygen delivery. Studies conducted in experimental animals (laboratory rats) show that astrocytes respond to acute decreases in brain perfusion with elevations in intracellular [Ca]. Blockade of Ca-dependent signaling mechanisms in populations of astrocytes that reside alongside CNS sympathetic control circuits prevents compensatory increases in sympathetic nerve activity, heart rate and arterial blood pressure induced by reductions in cerebral perfusion. These data suggest that astrocytes function as intracranial baroreceptors and play an important role in homeostatic control of arterial blood pressure and brain blood flow.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6952443 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13956-y | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Aberrant anatomical variation of the vertebral artery (VA) from an internal carotid artery (ICA) is considered a rare finding. The incidence of this phenomenon can lead to patients suffering from posterior circulation neurological deficit if the ICA becomes significantly diseased. VA atypical anatomical origin is considered one of the rare pathologies, not only precipitating neurovascular incidents but equally leading to severe difficulty in VA dissection and surgical exposure, especially in carotid artery procedures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA cross-sectional study on the correlation between internal cerebral vein asymmetry and hemorrhagic transformation following endovascular thrombectomy.
Front Neurol
January 2025
Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
Introduction: Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a severe complication in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO) after endovascular treatment (EVT). We hypothesize that asymmetry of the internal cerebral veins (ICVs) on baseline CT angiogram (CTA) may serve as an adjunctive predictor of HT.
Methods: We conducted a study on consecutive AIS-LVO patients from November 2020 to April 2022.
Impaired myocardial perfusion and myocardial inflammation of acute myopericarditis associated with COVID-19.
J Cardiol Cases
January 2025
Department of Cardiology, Sapporo Kojinkai Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
Unlabelled: Myocarditis and pericarditis, or myopericarditis, is a rare, albeit life-threatening, cardiac complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although most patients recover from myocardial inflammation within weeks of the acute infection, there are concerns about acute and long-term myocardial injury. Coronary microvascular dysfunction and myocardial inflammation in the affected myocardium might be key factors in developing acute COVID-19-associated myopericarditis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the diagnosis and grading of hepatic steatosis in brain-dead donors.
Quant Imaging Med Surg
January 2025
Organ Transplant Center, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan, China.
Background: The presence of hepatic steatosis (HS) is a crucial histological parameter for evaluating the suitability of liver transplantation. However, to date, no studies have used contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) to diagnose and grade HS in brain-dead donors. This study aimed to detect and quantify hepatic microcirculatory perfusion in brain-dead donors using CEUS and to assess the utility of CEUS in the diagnosis and grading of HS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh performance of the diffusion magnetic resonance imaging biomarker diffusion-derived 'vessel density' (DDVD) for separating placentas associated with pre-eclampsia from placentas in normal pregnancy.
Quant Imaging Med Surg
January 2025
Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Background: Diffusion-derived 'vessel density' (DDVD) is a surrogate of the area of micro-vessels per unit tissue. DDVD is calculated according to: DDVD (b0b50) = Sb0/ROIarea0 - Sb50/ROIarea50, where Sb0 and Sb50 refer to the tissue signal when is 0 or 50 s/mm. Due to the complexity of pre-eclampsia (PE), even a combination of risk factors and available tests cannot accurately diagnose or predict PE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!